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Fiber-based optical thermocouples for fast temperature sensing in extreme environments

机译：基于光纤的光学热电偶，可在极端环境下快速感测温度

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We have developed fiber-based optical thermocouples (OTCs) for fast temperature sensing in extreme environments. Our OTCs consist of a thin film of dysprosium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Dy: YAG)—a well-known two-color thermometry phosphor—deposited on the end of a sapphire fiber using pulsed laser deposition. Temperature sensing is achieved by comparing the relative intensities of photoluminescence arising from two closely spaced Dy~(3+) excited states. Using a combination of time-gated detection and blackbody background subtraction, we are able to measure Dy:YAG's photoluminescence up to 2033 K, which is one of the highest temperatures obtained in literature. However, we are only able to use the photoluminescence spectra for temperature sensing up to 1773 K due to poor signal-to-noise ratio for higher temperatures. These results suggest the possibility of measuring higher temperatures with time-gated detectors designed for low-light levels. After characterizing the fiber-based OTCs' temperature response, we next demonstrate their functionality using subsecond pulsed CO_2 laser heating using both intensified charge-coupled device detection and a photodiode-based software time-gating technique. In the lab, we have utilized this technique to measure temperatures at rates up to 80 kHz. In addition, we comment on the applicability of OTCs to fast temperature sensing in turbulent flows and estimate rise times on the order of several hundred microseconds for a 1-μm OTC film. © 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) [DOI:10.1117/1.OE.58.9.097105]
机译：我们已经开发了基于光纤的光学热电偶（OTC），用于在极端环境下进行快速温度感测。我们的OTC由掺的钇铝石榴石（Dy：YAG）（一种众所周知的双色测温磷光体）薄膜构成，该薄膜使用脉冲激光沉积法沉积在蓝宝石纤维的末端。通过比较由两个紧密间隔的Dy〜（3+）激发态引起的光致发光的相对强度来实现温度感测。通过将时间选通检测和黑体背景减法相结合，我们能够测量Dy：YAG的光致发光光谱，直至2033 K，这是文献中获得的最高温度之一。但是，由于在较高温度下信噪比较差，因此我们只能将光致发光光谱用于高达1773 K的温度感测。这些结果表明，可以使用专为低光照水平设计的时间门控探测器来测量更高的温度。在表征了基于光纤的OTC的温度响应之​​后，接下来我们将使用亚秒脉冲CO_2激光加热（通过增强的电荷耦合器件检测和基于光电二极管的软件时间门控技术）来演示其功能。在实验室中，我们已经利用这种技术以高达80 kHz的速率测量温度。此外，我们评论了OTC在湍流中快速温度感测的适用性，并估计了1μmOTC膜的上升时间约为几百微秒。 ©2019光电仪器工程师协会（SPIE）[DOI：10.1117 / 1.OE.58.9.097105]

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