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Optical implementation of polarization-independent, bidirectional, nonblocking Clos network using polarization control technique in free space

机译：在自由空间中使用偏振控制技术实现与偏振无关的双向无阻塞Clos网络的光学实现

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摘要

The clos network is one of the earliest multistage intercon-nection networks. Recently, it has been widely studied in parallel optical information processing systems, and there have been many efforts to develop this network. In this paper, a smart and compact Clos network, including Clos(2,3,2) and Clos(2,4,2), is proposed by using polarizing beam-splitters (PBS), phase spatial light modulators (PSLM), and mir-rors. PBS features that are s-component (perpendicular to the incident plane) of the incident light beam is reflected, and the p-component (par-allel to the incident plane) passes through it. According to switching logic, under control of external electrical signals, PSLM functions to control rout-ing paths of the signal beams, i.e., the polarization of each optical signal is rotated or not rotated 90° by a programmable PSLM. This new type of configuration grants the features of less optical components, compact in structure, efficient in performance, and insensitive to polarization of signal beam. In addition, the straight, the exchange, and the broadcast functions of the basic switch element are implemented bidirectionally in free-space. Furthermore, the new optical experimental module of 2×3 and 2×4 op-tical switch is also presented by a cascading polarization-independent bidirectional 2×2 optical switch. Simultaneously, the routing state-table of 2x3 and 2×4 optical switch to perform all permutation output and non-blocking switch for the input signal beam, is achieved. Since the proposed optical setup consists of only optical polarization elements, it is compact in structure, and possesses a low energy loss, a high signal-to-ratio, and an available large number of optical channels. Finally, the discussions and the experimental results show that the Clos network proposed here should be helpful in the design of large-scale network matrix, and may be used in optical communication and optical information processing.
机译：Clos网络是最早的多级互连网络之一。近来，已经在并行光学信息处理系统中对其进行了广泛的研究，并且已经进行了许多努力来开发该网络。本文通过使用偏振分束器（PBS），相空间光调制器（PSLM）提出了一个智能紧凑的Clos网络，包括Clos（2,3,2）和Clos（2,4,2）。和镜子。入射光束的s分量（垂直于入射平面）的PBS特征被反射，而p分量（与入射平面成平行线）穿过它。根据切换逻辑，在外部电信号的控制下，PSLM的功能是控制信号束的路由路径，即，每个光信号的偏振通过可编程PSLM旋转或不旋转90°。这种新型配置具有以下特点：光学元件更少，结构紧凑，性能高效且对信号光束的偏振不敏感。另外，基本交换元件的直接，交换和广播功能在自由空间中双向实现。此外，还通过级联偏振无关的双向2×2光学开关，提出了2×3和2×4光学开关的新型光学实验模块。同时，实现了2x3和2×4光开关的路由状态表，以对输入信号光束执行所有排列输出和无阻塞开关。由于所提出的光学装置仅由光学偏振元件组成，因此其结构紧凑，并且具有低能量损耗，高信噪比和可用的大量光通道。最后，讨论和实验结果表明，本文提出的Clos网络将有助于大规模网络矩阵的设计，并可用于光通信和光信息处理。

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