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Preface

机译:前言

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摘要

Optical networks have rapidly evolved in the past decade to cope with the dramatic increase in traffic - mostly driven by IP transport and internet applications. Whereas the pace of large fiber infrastructure builds have slowed down, transport technologies went through several transformations in all areas of the networks, from the core to the metro to the access. At the turn of the century, most optical networks were carrying a mix of 2.5G and 10G line traffic, while the investment in newer technologies (mostly 40G) had started, and fell soon after as a result of the subsequent economic downturn. With the first transmission research on 40G starting in 1996, the actual deployments only started a decade later, around 2006. Aside from the economy, this long lag was due to an unstable ecosystem: fragmented supply chain, numerous technological steps, missing standardization, discrete designs,... With the massive 40G deployment that has been taking place in the past few years, this ecosystem is only now stabilizing with the availability of MSA modules and focus on two line transmission technologies: DPSK and coherently-demodulated polarization-multiplexed QPSK. This last technology, accelerated by remarkable advances in digital signal processing (DSP) allowing the implementation of powerful coherent receivers and by a highly focused effort in standardization bodies, has paved the way for the advent of 100G solutions by quickly forming a stable 100G ecosystem. The lag between the first 100G research results and actual network implementation now seems to be less than half that of 40G: from 2007 to 2011.
机译:在过去的十年中,光网络已经迅速发展,以应对流量的急剧增长,这主要是由IP传输和互联网应用推动的。尽管大型光纤基础设施的建设步伐有所放缓,但传输技术在网络的所有区域(从核心到城域网再到接入)都经历了几次转型。在本世纪之交,大多数光网络都承载着2.5G和10G线路流量的混合,而对较新技术(主要是40G)的投资已经开始,但由于随后的经济下滑而很快下降。随着40G的首次传输研究始于1996年,实际部署仅在十年后的2006年才开始。除了经济之外,这种长期的滞后还源于不稳定的生态系统:分散的供应链,众多技术步骤,缺少标准化,离散设计,...随着过去几年的40G大规模部署,该生态系统仅随着MSA模块的可用性而趋于稳定,并专注于两种线路传输技术:DPSK和相干解调的偏振复用QPSK 。这项最新技术通过数字信号处理(DSP)的显着进步(允许实现强大的相干接收器)以及标准化机构的高度集中努力而得以加速,它通过快速形成稳定的100G生态系统为100G解决方案的出现铺平了道路。从2007年到2011年,最初的100G研究结果与实际网络实施之间的差距现在似乎不到40G的一半。

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