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首页> 外文期刊>Optics and Lasers in Engineering >Measurement of grain-wall contact forces in a granular bed using frequency-scanning interferometry
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Measurement of grain-wall contact forces in a granular bed using frequency-scanning interferometry

机译：使用频率扫描干涉法测量颗粒床中的颗粒壁接触力

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Micro-mechanical theories have recently been developed to model the propagation of force through a granular material based on single grain interactions. We describe here an experimental technique, developed to validate such theories, that is able to measure the individual contact forces between the grains and the wall of the containing vessel, thereby avoiding the spatial averaging effect of conventional pressure transducers. The method involves measuring interferometrically the deflection of an interface within a triple-layer elastic substrate consisting of epoxy, silicone rubber, and glass. A thin coating of gold between the epoxy and rubber acts as a reflective film, with the reference wave provided by the glass/air interface. Phase shifting is carried out by means of a tunable laser. Phase difference maps are calculated using a 15-frame phase-shifting formula based on a Hanning window. The resulting displacement resolution of order 1 nm allows the wall stiffness to be increased by some two orders of magnitude compared to previously described methods in the literature.
机译：最近已经开发出了微机械理论，以基于单个晶粒相互作用来模拟力通过颗粒材料的传播。我们在这里描述一种实验技术，该技术用于验证此类理论，该技术能够测量谷物与容纳容器壁之间的各个接触力，从而避免了常规压力传感器的空间平均作用。该方法包括干涉测量由环氧树脂，硅橡胶和玻璃组成的三层弹性基底内的界面的挠度。环氧和橡胶之间的金薄涂层用作反射膜，玻璃/空气界面提供参考波。相移是通过可调激光器进行的。使用基于Hanning窗口的15帧相移公式来计算相差图。与文献中先前描述的方法相比，所得到的大约1 nm的位移分辨率可使壁刚度增加大约两个数量级。

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