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Bear farms in Lao PDR expand illegally and fail to conserve wild bears

机译：老挝的养熊场非法扩张，无法保存野生熊

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Bear farms, established for the extraction of bile from live bears, have unknown effects on the conservation of bears in Asia. Whilst some major bile producing countries have tightened legislation on this practice, traders have responded by establishing bile extraction facilities in countries with weaker legislation. We conducted a survey of all known facilities in Lao PDR through direct observation or examination of governmental and non-governmental records, and documented the birth and rapid growth of this industry since the first farm was established in 2000. We also obtained trading values for gall bladders from wild bears in Lao PDR from literature, databases and direct observation. The number of farmed bears tripled from 2008 to 2012. In 2012 121 Asiatic black bears Ursus thibetanus and one sun bear Helarctos malayanus were kept on 11 commercial facilities. Evidence suggests that all bears were wild caught domestically or illegally imported internationally, in violation of national and international law. Moreover, some bile from these farms was being illegally exported internationally. Farmed bile availability has apparently not diminished the demand for wild bile, as the market value has increased dramatically since 2000. We suggest that bear farming in Lao PDR may be increasing the incentive to poach wild bears.
机译：为从活熊中提取胆汁而建立的熊场对亚洲熊的养护影响未知。尽管一些主要的胆汁生产国已经收紧了有关这种做法的立法，但贸易商的反应是在立法较弱的国家建立了胆汁提取设施。我们通过直接观察或检查政府和非政府记录对老挝人民民主共和国所有已知设施进行了调查，并记录了自2000年第一个农场成立以来该行业的诞生和迅速发展。我们还获得了gall的交易价值老挝人民民主共和国从文献，数据库和直接观察中得到的野生熊的膀胱。从2008年到2012年，养殖熊的数量增加了两倍。2012年，有11只商业设施饲养了121只亚洲黑熊Ursus thibetanus和一只太阳熊Helarctos malayanus。有证据表明，所有熊都是在国内捕获的，或在国际上非法进口的，这违反了国家和国际法。此外，这些农场的一些胆汁被非法出口到国际上。自2000年以来，随着市场价值的急剧增加，养殖胆汁的供应显然并未减少对野生胆汁的需求。我们建议老挝的熊类养殖可能会增加偷猎野生熊的动机。

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