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The dammed river dolphins of Brazil: impacts and conservation

机译：巴西该死的河豚：影响与保护

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A major threat to river dolphins in Brazil is habitat loss and fragmentation as a result of the construction of hydroelectric dams. We examine the degree of overlap between the distributions of two river dolphin species (boto Inia geoffrensis and tucuxi Sotalia fluviatilis) and hydroelectric projects and provide an initial quantification of impacts. The locations of dams were overlaid onto a map of the known distributions of the dolphins. Two types of impacts were evaluated: population fragmentation and effects on prey. For each of these a binary score (for absence or presence) was assigned for each dam. The sum of all impact scores for each dam, in each of the three watersheds in which dolphins are found, including realized and potential impacts, was calculated as the impact index. Thirteen dams affect the distribution of I. geoffrensis (as could a further three dams under construction and seven planned), and three dams affect S. fluviatilis (as could three under construction and two planned). Overall, the impact index was higher for I. geoffrensis than for S. fluviatilis. The Araguaia-Tocantins and North Atlantic watersheds have higher impact index values than the Amazon watershed. Although some impacts of damming could not be considered in this study, our approach was a rapid initial risk assessment that provided an overall understanding of how river dolphins are and may be affected by hydroelectric projects in Brazil. Our method may be applicable to other freshwater cetaceans and species facing similar threats when information about impacts is incomplete.
机译：在巴西，对海豚的主要威胁是水力发电大坝的建设导致栖息地的丧失和破碎化。我们研究了两种河豚物种（波多黎各伊尼亚巨蜥和土库西河索菲亚索菲亚）与水力发电项目之间的重叠程度，并提供了影响的初步量化方法。水坝的位置被覆盖在海豚已知分布的地图上。评价了两种类型的影响：种群分散和对猎物的影响。对于每个项目，为每个水坝分配一个二进制分数（不存在或存在）。计算发现海豚的三个流域（包括已实现的和潜在的影响）中每一个的每个大坝的所有影响得分的总和，作为影响指数。十三座水坝影响了伊奥弗拉发的分布（另外三座正在建设中的水坝和七座计划中的水坝），三座水坝影响了南美沙门氏菌（三座正在建设中的水坝和两座计划中的水坝）。总体而言，Geoffrensis的影响指数高于S. fluviatilis。与亚马逊流域相比，Araguaia-Tocantins流域和北大西洋流域的影响指数值更高。尽管在本研究中未考虑到筑坝的某些影响，但我们的方法是快速的初始风险评估，该评估提供了对巴西海豚如何以及可能受到巴西水电项目影响的总体了解。当有关影响的信息不完整时，我们的方法可能适用于面临类似威胁的其他淡水鲸类和物种。

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