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Spatial distribution of snares in Ruma National Park, Kenya, with implications for management of the roan antelope Hippotragus equinus langheldi and other wildlife

机译：肯尼亚鲁马国家公园圈套区的空间分布，对管理软羚羊河马（Hippotragus equinus langheldi）和其他野生动植物有影响

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摘要

Poaching with snares has been identified as the main cause of decline of the endemic roan antelope Hippotragus equinus langheldi in Ruma National Park, Kenya, from > 200 in 1979 to 37 in 2009. However, the spatial snaring patterns in the Park are not clearly understood. The focus of our study was to map the spatial distribution of snares in the Park and to identify the factors influencing this distribution, to develop effective methods of wildlife protection. Using data collected from 56 sample plots during 2006-2008, coupled with geographical information system techniques, we investigated the association between the occurrence of snares and the distribution of geographical features (slope, elevation), infrastructure (roads, fences), essential resources for wildlife (water, salt licks, forage), roan locations and wildlife density. Ripley's L function for assessing complete spatial randomness indicated that snares occurred in clumps (hotspots) up to 4 km apart. Negative binomial regression indicated that these hotspots occurred (1) near water resources, salt licks and the Park boundary, (2) far from roan locations and Park roads, (3) in areas with low gradients and low wildlife density, and (4) in areas with burned vegetation. We recommend concentrating routine security patrol efforts and resources on snare hotspots to reduce snaring and to protect the roan antelope and other threatened wildlife.
机译：圈套圈被盗是肯尼亚鲁马国家公园特有的软性羚羊河马（Hippotragus equinus langheldi）数量下降的主要原因，从1979年的200多头下降到2009年的37只。 。我们研究的重点是绘制公园圈套区的空间分布图，并确定影响这种分布的因素，以开发有效的野生动植物保护方法。利用2006-2008年期间从56个样地中收集的数据，结合地理信息系统技术，我们研究了圈套区的发生与地理特征（坡度，海拔），基础设施（道路，围墙），基本资源的分布之间的关联。野生动物（水，盐舔，草料），软垫的位置和野生生物的密度。 Ripley的L函数用于评估完全的空间随机性，表明圈套器发生在相距4 km的团块（热点）中。负二项式回归表明，这些热点发生在（1）靠近水资源，盐舔和公园边界的地方；（2）远离软垫位置和公园道路的地方；（3）在坡度低和野生动植物密度低的地区，以及（4）在植被被烧毁的地区。我们建议将常规安全巡逻工作和资源集中在圈套热点上，以减少骚扰并保护软羚羊和其他受威胁的野生动植物。

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