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Paying for nature: what every conservationist should know about political economy

机译：为自然付出：每个保护主义者应该了解的政治经济学

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Global conservation policy and global capitalism have become increasingly intertwined over the last decade. The move towards 'green capitalism' has manifested itself in diverse ways, most notably in the expansion of payments for environmental services and attempts to commodify nature. However, there are concerns that prioritizing the financial value of nature could undermine efforts to conserve biodiversity. One particularly strong set of critiques has emerged from political economy. While providing rich theoretical and empirical insights into the potential downsides of green capitalism, the literature is often dense and difficult for non-specialists to navigate. Here I review and translate its main concepts and critiques for a conservation audience. I begin by exploring the basic process of commodity exchange. I then consider nature as a reluctant and uncooperative commodity that often requires new institutions and technologies to be commodified. This means conservation organizations play a key role in green capitalism's political economy. These developments are likely to have considerable social and environmental impacts, with a highly uneven distribution of costs and benefits.
机译：在过去的十年中，全球保护政策与全球资本主义之间的联系日益紧密。向“绿色资本主义”的转变已经以多种方式表现出来，最显着的是扩大了对环境服务的支付，并试图将自然商品化。但是，有人担心，将自然的财务价值放在首位可能会破坏保护生物多样性的努力。政治经济学产生了一系列特别强烈的批评。在为绿色资本主义的潜在弊端提供丰富的理论和经验见解的同时，非专业人员对这些文献的了解通常很密集且难以浏览。在这里，我回顾并翻译了其主要概念和对保护对象的评论。我首先探讨商品交易的基本过程。然后，我认为自然是一种勉强和不合作的商品，通常需要对新的机构和技术进行商品化。这意味着保护组织在绿色资本主义的政治经济中起着关键作用。这些事态发展可能会对社会和环境产生重大影响，成本和收益的分配高度不均。

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