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Accounting for the low survival of the Critically Endangered northern bald ibis Geronticus eremita on a major migratory flyway

机译：解释了在主要迁徙飞行路线上极度濒危的北部秃头宜必思Geronticus eremita的低生存率

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The poor survival rate of immature northern bald ibises Geronticus eremita during their first years spent outside the natal site is driving the last known wild colony of the migratory eastern population to extinction. To inform emergency conservation action for this Critically Endangered species we investigated the distribution range and behaviour of immature birds in passage and wintering areas, and the threats to which they are subject. We integrated recent satellite telemetry data with visual observations spanning 130 years. We assessed threats across the range, using satellite tracking and field surveys. Our results show that during the years before they return to the natal site in Syria, immature northern bald ibises reside away from the recently identified adult wintering site in the central Ethiopian highlands. They occur mainly across the northernmost 70-80% of the adult migratory range. Historical records suggest that immature birds spend more time along the western Arabian Peninsula now than in the past. This range shift exposes them for longer periods to threats, such as hunting and electrocution on power lines, which are absent from the wintering site used by adult birds. We suggest that other threatened and declining bird species sharing the same flyway probably face the same threats during migration.
机译：北部秃头朱鹭Geronticus eremita在出生地之外度过的头几年中，较差的成活率使绝大部分东部迁移的野生种群灭绝。为了告知该极危物种的紧急保护行动，我们调查了过早和过冬地区未成熟鸟类的分布范围和行为，以及它们受到的威胁。我们将最近的卫星遥测数据与130年来的视觉观测结果进行了整合。我们使用卫星跟踪和现场调查评估了整个范围内的威胁。我们的结果表明，在返回叙利亚的出生地之前的几年中，不成熟的北部秃头宜必思居住在埃塞俄比亚中部高地最近发现的成年越冬地点之外。它们主要发生在成年迁徙范围的最北端70-80％。历史记录表明，与过去相比，未成熟鸟类现在在阿拉伯半岛西部花费的时间更多。这种范围的变化使它们在更长的时期内面临威胁，例如在成年鸟类使用的越冬地点所没有的电力线上打猎和触电。我们建议，其他具有相同飞行路线的濒危鸟类和下降鸟类可能在迁徙期间面临相同的威胁。

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