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Effectiveness of locally run conservation initiatives in north-east Peru

机译：秘鲁东北部地方开展的自然保护举措的有效性

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Amazonas and San Martin are two of the most densely populated regions in rural Peru and have some of the highest deforestation rates in the country. They are also home to many threatened and endemic species and are considered a high priority for conservation. Under Peruvian law individuals and community groups can create private conservation areas and conservation concessions, and we evaluated the successes and challenges experienced in the creation and management of such areas, using direct observation, questionnaires and key-informant interviews. Our results show that far from being a problem for conservation many rural communities are actively promoting or participating in conservation initiatives on a local scale with landscape-level impacts. These initiatives include land protection, hunting control and reduced deforestation, thus providing effective solutions to threats. The main obstacles we identified in relation to such campesino (peasant farmer) conservation initiatives were the lack of access to support from governmental and nongovernmental institutions and to economic resources to fund the extensive bureaucratic processes of registering protected areas. Many campesino communities bypass these restrictions through informal conservation initiatives.
机译：亚马孙州和圣马丁州是秘鲁农村地区人口最稠密的两个地区，在该国森林砍伐率最高。它们也是许多濒危和特有物种的家园，被认为是保护的重中之重。根据秘鲁法律，个人和社区团体可以创建私人保护区和保护特许权，并且我们通过直接观察，问卷调查和关键信息访谈来评估在创建和管理这些保护区方面的成功和挑战。我们的结果表明，许多农村社区远不是保护问题，而是在本地范围内积极推动或参与具有景观层面影响的保护计划。这些举措包括土地保护，狩猎控制和减少森林砍伐，从而为威胁提供了有效的解决方案。我们在此类坎普斯诺农（农民保护）举措上发现的主要障碍是，无法获得政府和非政府机构的支持，也无法获得经济资源来为注册保护区的广泛官僚程序提供资金。许多Campesino社区通过非正式的保护措施来绕开这些限制。

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