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首页> 外文期刊>Oryx >The socio-economics of artisanal mining and bushmeat hunting around protected areas: Kahuzi Biega National Park and Itombwe Nature Reserve, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
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The socio-economics of artisanal mining and bushmeat hunting around protected areas: Kahuzi Biega National Park and Itombwe Nature Reserve, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

机译：刚果民主共和国东部的卡胡兹·比加国家公园和伊通比自然保护区附近的手工采矿和狩猎森林猎物的社会经济学

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In the Democratic Republic of Congo artisanal and small-scale mining is estimated to provide a source of livelihood for 14-16% of the population, or 8-10 million people. In the eastern part of the country it is one of the main threats to large mammal species and their habitats, including forest elephants Loxodonta cyclotis and great apes, such as the Critically Endangered Grauer's gorilla Gorilla beringei graueri and the Endangered eastern chimpanzee Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii. We used semi-structured questionnaires to survey mining communities in and around Kahuzi-Biega National Park and the Itombwe Nature Reserve to understand better the socio-economics of artisanal mining in the region, as well as the impacts of mining on bushmeat hunting. Minerals exploited at the sites surveyed included cassiterite, gold, coltan and wolframite, and most mines were controlled by armed groups. On average, miners earned significantly higher revenue than non-miners. However, mining was seen as a shortterm activity and most miners were in favour of leaving the sector for better opportunities. Almost all respondents stated openly that they consumed bushmeat regularly because of the lack of alternatives and believed that bushmeat hunting had caused declines and local extinctions of some large mammal populations, including great apes. Respondents stated they would reduce their consumption of bushmeat if domestic meats became more available. We recommend that future interventions should target mine sites to address bushmeat hunting, by improving access to sustainable meat sources, establishing micro-financing mechanisms to help miners leave the mining sector, and working towards de-militarizing these sites to facilitate law enforcement.
机译：据估计，在刚果民主共和国，手工和小规模采矿为14-16％的人口，即8-10百万人口提供了生计来源。在该国东部，这是对大型哺乳动物物种及其栖息地的主要威胁之一，包括森林象Loxodonta cyclotis和大猿类，如极度濒危的格劳尔大猩猩Gorilla beringei graueri和濒临灭绝的东部黑猩猩Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii。我们使用半结构化问卷调查了卡胡兹-比耶加国家公园和Itombwe自然保护区及其周围的采矿社区，以更好地了解该地区的手工采矿的社会经济状况，以及采矿对丛林肉狩猎的影响。在调查地点开采的矿物包括锡石，金，col钽铁矿和黑钨矿，大多数矿山均由武装团体控制。平均而言，矿工的收入比非矿工高得多。但是，采矿被视为一项短期活动，大多数采矿者都赞成离开该行业以获得更多机会。几乎所有答复者都公开表示，由于缺乏替代品，他们定期食用食用森林猎物，并认为食用森林猎物导致某些大型哺乳动物种群（包括大猿猴）的数量下降和局部灭绝。受访者表示，如果可以买到更多的家常肉，他们将减少食用森林猎物。我们建议，未来的干预措施应针对矿场，以解决猎杀野味的方式，方法是改善获取可持续肉源的途径，建立微型融资机制，以帮助矿工离开采矿业，并努力使这些矿场非军事化，以促进执法。

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