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首页> 外文期刊>Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Transactions on >Contention-Aware Energy Management Scheme for NoC-Based Multicore Real-Time Systems
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Contention-Aware Energy Management Scheme for NoC-Based Multicore Real-Time Systems

机译：基于NoC的多核实时系统的竞争感知能量管理方案

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摘要

Network-on-Chip (NoC) has emerged as interconnect paradigm in state-of-the-art multi/many core architectures. Voltage and frequency island (VFI) was recently adopted as an effective energy management technique for large scale multicore chip designs. Focusing on NoCand VFI-based multi/many core real-time systems with Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) capability, we study both static and dynamic contention-aware energy management schemes for task set with precedence relationships and a common deadline. First, our static schemes utilize two approaches with contention awareness to obtain the mapping of tasks to cores together with scheduling of communications on NoC for minimizing makespan, and thus can potentially lower uniform scaled frequency for cores and links while meeting the timeliness. Next, different from other existing schemes, by incorporating the latency due to network congestions into the analysis, our dynamic contention-aware energy management schemes perform the allocation of feasible slack to tasks and communications simultaneously for further energy savings, subject to common voltage and frequency limitations of VFI and timing constraints of task set. The results through extensive simulations and case studies show that, compared to heuristicbased and INLP-based task mapping solutions (with pessimistic estimation of communication contention), our static scheme can obtain better energy savings (e.g., 25 percent more). The results also show that our dynamic scheme can save up to 45 percent more energy compared to our static scheme under deadline guarantee, while the online scheme ignoring the traffic congestions in NoC can result in serious deadline violation and usually more energy consumption (e.g., 15 percent more).
机译：片上网络（NoC）已成为最新的多/许多核心架构中的互连范例。电压和频率岛（VFI）最近被采用为大规模多核芯片设计的有效能量管理技术。针对具有动态电压和频率缩放（DVFS）功能的基于NoCand VFI的多核/多核实时系统，我们研究了具有优先级关系和公共截止日期的任务集的静态和动态竞争感知能源管理方案。首先，我们的静态方案利用两种具有竞争意识的方法来获得任务到核心的映射以及在NoC上进行通信调度，以最大程度地缩短制造时间，从而可以在满足及时性的同时降低核心和链路的统一缩放频率。接下来，与其他现有方案不同，通过将网络拥塞造成的延迟纳入分析中，我们的动态竞争感知能量管理方案同时将可行的空闲时间分配给任务和通信，以进一步节省能源（取决于通用电压和频率） VFI的局限性和任务集的时间限制。通过广泛的仿真和案例研究得出的结果表明，与基于启发式和基于INLP的任务映射解决方案（对通信争用进行悲观估计）相比，我们的静态方案可以节省更多的能源（例如节省25％以上）。结果还显示，在截止期限保证下，与静态方案相比，我们的动态方案可以节省多达45％的能源，而在线方案忽略NoC中的交通拥堵可能会导致严重违反截止期的情况，并且通常会消耗更多能源（例如15 ％）。

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