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首页> 外文期刊>Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Transactions on >Industrial Automation as a Cloud Service
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Industrial Automation as a Cloud Service

机译：工业自动化即云服务

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摘要

New cloud services are being developed to support a wide variety of real-life applications. In this paper, we introduce a new cloud service: industrial automation, which includes different functionalities from feedback control and telemetry to plant optimization and enterprise management. We focus our study on the feedback control layer as the most time-critical and demanding functionality. Today’s large-scale industrial automation projects are expensive and time-consuming. Hence, we propose a new cloud-based automation architecture, and we analyze cost and time savings under the proposed architecture. We show that significant cost and time savings can be achieved, mainly due to the virtualization of controllers and the reduction of hardware cost and associated labor. However, the major difficulties in providing cloud-based industrial automation systems are timeliness and reliability. Offering automation functionalities from the cloud over the Internet puts the controlled processes at risk due to varying communication delays and potential failure of virtual machines and/or links. Thus, we design an adaptive delay compensator and a distributed fault tolerance algorithm to mitigate delays and failures, respectively. We theoretically analyze the performance of the proposed architecture when compared to the traditional systems and prove zero or negligible change in performance. To experimentally evaluate our approach, we implement our controllers on commercial clouds and use them to control: (i) a physical model of a solar power plant, where we show that the fault-tolerance algorithm effectively makes the system unaware of faults, and (ii) industry-standard emulation with large injected delays and disturbances, where we show that the proposed cloud-based controllers perform indistinguishably from the best-known counterparts: local controllers.
机译：正在开发新的云服务，以支持各种现实生活中的应用程序。在本文中，我们介绍了一种新的云服务：工业自动化，它包括从反馈控制和遥测到工厂优化和企业管理的不同功能。我们将研究重点放在反馈控制层上，因为它是最关键和最苛刻的功能。当今的大型工业自动化项目既昂贵又耗时。因此，我们提出了一种新的基于云的自动化架构，并在提出的架构下分析了成本和时间节省。我们表明，可以实现显着的成本和时间节省，这主要是由于控制器的虚拟化以及硬件成本和相关劳动力的减少。但是，提供基于云的工业自动化系统的主要困难是及时性和可靠性。由于变化的通信延迟以及虚拟机和/或链接的潜在故障，通过Internet从云上提供自动化功能会使受控流程处于风险之中。因此，我们分别设计了自适应延迟补偿器和分布式容错算法来缓解延迟和故障。与传统系统相比，我们从理论上分析了所提出体系结构的性能，并证明了性能的变化为零或微不足道。为了通过实验评估我们的方法，我们在商业云上实现了控制器，并使用它们来控制：（i）太阳能发电厂的物理模型，在该模型中，我们证明了容错算法有效地使系统不了解故障，并且（ ii）具有大的注入延迟和干扰的行业标准仿真，其中我们证明了所提出的基于云的控制器的性能与最著名的同类产品：本地控制器没有区别。

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