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SyRaFa: Synchronous Rate and Frequency Adjustment for Utilization Control in Distributed Real-Time Embedded Systems

机译:SyRaFa:同步速率和频率调整,用于分布式实时嵌入式系统中的利用控制

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摘要

To efficiently utilize the computing resources and provide good quality of service (QoS) to the end-to-end tasks in the distributed real-time systems, we can enforce the utilization bounds on multiple processors. The utilization control is challenging especially when the workload in the system is unpredictable. To handle the workload uncertainties, current research favors feedback control techniques, and recent work combines the task rate adaptation and processor frequency scaling in an asynchronous way for CPU utilization control, where task rates and the processor frequencies are tuned asynchronously in two decoupled control loops for control convenience. Since the two manipulated variables, task rates and processor frequencies, contribute to the CPU utilizations together with strong coupling, adjusting them asynchronously may degrade the utilization control performance. In this paper, we provide a novel scheme to make synchronous rate and frequency adjustment to enforce the utilization setpoint, referred to as SyRaFa scheme. SyRaFa can handle the workload uncertainties by identifying the system model online and can simultaneously adjust the manipulated variables by solving an optimization problem in each sampling period. Extensive evaluation results demonstrate SyRaFa outperforms the existing schemes especially under severe workload uncertainties.
机译:为了有效地利用计算资源并为分布式实时系统中的端到端任务提供良好的服务质量(QoS),我们可以在多个处理器上强制使用范围。利用率控制极具挑战性,尤其是在系统中的工作负载不可预测时。为了处理工作负载的不确定性,当前的研究偏向于反馈控制技术,并且最近的工作将任务速率自适应和处理器频率缩放以异步方式组合用于CPU利用率控制,其中任务速率和处理器频率在两个解耦的控制回路中进行异步调整,以实现控制方便。由于这两个受控变量(任务速率和处理器频率)与强大的耦合一起有助于CPU利用率,因此异步调整它们可能会降低利用率控制性能。在本文中,我们提供了一种新的方案来进行同步速率和频率调整,以强制使用设置点,称为SyRaFa方案。 SyRaFa可以通过在线识别系统模型来处理工作量不确定性,并且可以通过解决每个采样周期中的优化问题来同时调整操作变量。广泛的评估结果表明,SyRaFa的性能优于现有方案,尤其是在工作量不确定性严重的情况下。

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