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Hint-Based Execution of Workloads in Clouds with Nefeli

机译：Nefeli基于提示的云中工作负载执行

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摘要

Infrastructure-as-a-Service clouds offer entire virtual infrastructures for distributed processing while concealing all physical underlying machinery. Current cloud interface abstractions restrict users from providing information regarding usage patterns of their requested virtual machines (VMs). In this paper, we propose Nefeli, a virtual infrastructure gateway that lifts this restriction. Through Nefeli, cloud consumers provide deployment hints on the possible mapping of VMs to physical nodes. Such hints include the collocation and anticollocation of VMs, the existence of potential performance bottlenecks, the presence of underlying hardware features (e.g., high availability), the proximity of certain VMs to data repositories, or any other information that would contribute in a more effective placement of VMs to physical hosting nodes. Consumers designate only properties of their virtual infrastructure and remain at all times agnostic to the cloud internal physical characteristics. The set of consumer-provided hints is augmented with high-level placement policies specified by the cloud administration. Placement policies and hints form a constraint satisfaction problem that when solved, yields the final VM-to-host placement. As workloads executed by the cloud may change over time, VM-to-host mappings must follow suit. To this end, Nefeli captures such events, changes VM deployment, helps avoid bottlenecks, and ultimately, improves the quality of the rendered services. Using our prototype, we examine overheads involved and show significant improvements in terms of time needed to execute scientific and real application workloads. We also demonstrate how power-aware policies may reduce the energy consumption of the physical installation. Finally, we compare Nefeli's placement choices with those attained by the open-source cloud middleware, OpenNebula.
机译：基础架构即服务云提供了用于分布式处理的整个虚拟基础架构，同时隐藏了所有物理基础机械。当前的云接口抽象限制了用户提供有关其请求的虚拟机（VM）使用模式的信息。在本文中，我们提出了Nefeli，这是一个消除此限制的虚拟基础架构网关。通过Nefeli，云使用者可以提供有关虚拟机到物理节点的可能映射的部署提示。这些提示包括虚拟机的并置和反并置，潜在的性能瓶颈的存在，底层硬件功能的存在（例如，高可用性），某些虚拟机与数据存储库的接近程度或任何其他有助于更有效地执行操作的信息。将VM放置到物理托管节点。消费者仅指定其虚拟基础架构的属性，并且始终与云内部物理特性无关。消费者提供的提示集通过云管理指定的高级放置策略得到了增强。放置策略和提示形成约束满足问题，解决该约束问题后，将产生最终的VM到主机放置。由于云执行的工作负载可能会随时间变化，因此虚拟机到主机的映射也必须遵循。为此，Nefeli捕获此类事件，更改VM部署，帮助避免瓶颈，并最终提高呈现服务的质量。使用我们的原型，我们检查了涉及的开销，并显示了执行科学和实际应用程序工作负载所需的时间方面的显着改善。我们还将演示功耗意识策略如何减少物理安装的能耗。最后，我们将Nefeli的放置选择与开源云中间件OpenNebula所获得的放置选择进行了比较。

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