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首页> 外文期刊>Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Transactions on >A Framework for Routing Performance Analysis in Delay Tolerant Networks with Application to Noncooperative Networks
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A Framework for Routing Performance Analysis in Delay Tolerant Networks with Application to Noncooperative Networks

机译：时延容忍网络中路由性能分析的框架及其在非合作网络中的应用

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摘要

In this paper, we present a framework for analyzing routing performance in delay tolerant networks (DTNs). Differently from previous work, our framework is aimed at characterizing the exact distribution of relevant performance metrics, which is a substantial improvement over existing studies characterizing either the expected value of the metric, or an asymptotic approximation of the actual distribution. In particular, the considered performance metrics are packet delivery delay, and communication cost, expressed as number of copies of a packet circulating in the network at the time of delivery. Our proposed framework is based on a characterization of the routing process as a stochastic coloring process and can be applied to model performance of most stateless delay tolerant routing protocols, such as epidemic, two-hops, and spray and wait. After introducing the framework, we present examples of its application to derive the packet delivery delay and communication cost distribution of two such protocols, namely epidemic and two-hops routing. Characterizing packet delivery delay and communication cost distribution is important to investigate fundamental properties of delay tolerant networks. As an example, we show how packet delivery delay distribution can be used to estimate how epidemic routing performance changes in presence of different degrees of node cooperation within the network. More specifically, we consider fully cooperative, noncooperative, and probabilistic cooperative scenarios, and derive nearly exact expressions of the packet delivery rate (PDR) under these scenarios based on our proposed framework. The comparison of the obtained packet delivery rate estimation in the various cooperation scenarios suggests that even a modest level of node cooperation (probabilistic cooperation with a low probability of cooperation) is sufficient to achieve 2-fold performance improvement with respect to the most pessimistic scenario in which all potential forwarders dr-n-nop packets.
机译：在本文中，我们提出了一个用于分析延迟容忍网络（DTN）中路由性能的框架。与以前的工作不同，我们的框架旨在表征相关性能指标的准确分布，这是对表征指标的期望值或实际分布的渐近近似的现有研究的重大改进。特别地，所考虑的性能度量是分组传送延迟和通信成本，表示为在传送时网络中循环的分组的副本数。我们提出的框架基于将路由过程表征为随机着色过程，并且可以应用于建模大多数无状态延迟容忍路由协议的性能，例如流行病，两跳以及喷雾和等待。在介绍了该框架之后，我们将介绍其应用示例，以推导两种协议（流行病和两跳路由）的数据包传递延迟和通信成本分布。表征分组传递延迟和通信成本分布对于研究延迟容忍网络的基本属性很重要。作为示例，我们展示了如何使用数据包传递延迟分布来估计网络中节点协作程度不同时的流行路由性能如何变化。更具体地说，我们考虑完全合作，非合作和概率合作方案，并根据我们提出的框架，得出这些方案下数据包传输率（PDR）的几乎准确表达。在各种协作方案中获得的数据包传输速率估计值的比较表明，即使是中等程度的节点协作（概率合作且协作概率较低）也足以实现相对于最悲观方案的2倍性能提升。所有潜在的转发器都将其打包。

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