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Post-Little Ice Age Development of a High Arctic Paraglacial Beach Complex

机译：北极高冰期冰川后海滩群的小冰期发展

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摘要

We reconstruct the behaviour of a High Arctic gravel-dominated beach complex that has developed in central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA). The studied coastal environment in northern Billefjorden (Petuniabukta) is characterised by limited wave action and ephemeral sediment delivery from non-glaciated, mainly snow-fed fans and talus slopes. Aerial photographic evidence and morpho-sedimentological observations of a beach-ridge plain and spit complex in northern Billefjorden reveal a dynamic coastal system. During the post-LIA period, a prominent coastal barrier at the mouth of the Ebbaelva migrated seawards several tens of metres and prograded northwards to form new spit systems, each>150m in length. The post-LIA coastal evolution occurred in two main phases. In the first half of the 20(th) century, increased paraglacial sediment released by retreating land-based glaciers led to the development of a subaqueous spit platform and the progradation of an ebb-tide delta into the mouth of the Ebbaelva, diverting its mouth to the northwest. In the second half of the 20(th) century, the barrier prograded onto this platform, promoting the development of three massive spits. Sedimentological data suggest that changes in beach-ridge composition that occurred during the 20(th) century are linked to episodic sediment delivery from an adjacent permafrost and snow-fed alluvial fan and delta system. Our work provides a basis for a new model of paraglacial barrier development that recognises the fundamental role of climate and sediment supply as two intimately connected processes that control coastal development in the High Arctic over decadal to centennial timescales. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：我们重建了自小冰河时代（LIA）结束以来在斯瓦尔巴特群岛斯匹次卑尔根州中部发展起来的高北极砾石为主的海滩综合体的行为。在北比勒菲尤登（Petuniabukta）北部研究的沿海环境的特点是，波浪作用有限，并且来自非冰川的（主要是雪养的扇形物和距骨）斜坡的短暂沉积物输送。航空摄影证据和北比勒夫约登北部海滩脊平原和吐水复合物的形态沉积学观察揭示了一个动态的沿海系统。在LIA后时期，Ebbaelva河口的一个显着的沿海屏障向海迁移了几十米，向北推进，形成了新的吐水系统，每个吐水系统的长度均大于150m。 LIA后的沿海演变发生在两个主要阶段。在20世纪上半叶，撤退的陆基冰川释放出的冰川期沉积物增多，导致水下吐水平台的发展以及退潮三角洲向埃贝瓦（Ebbaelva）口的扩散，从而改变了其口型。西北。在20世纪下半叶，屏障逐渐扩展到该平台上，从而促进了三个大规模吐口的发展。沉积学数据表明，在20世纪期间发生的海滩-山脊组成变化与邻近的多年冻土和积雪冲积扇和三角洲系统的间歇性沉积物输送有关。我们的工作为新的冰川期屏障发展模型提供了基础，该模型认识到气候和沉积物供应的基本作用是两个密切相关的过程，这些过程控制着北极地区在十年到百年时间尺度上的沿海发展。版权所有（c）2015 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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