In spite of significant research efforts, argument technologies do not seem poised to scale up as much as most commentators would hope '/> A Plea for Ecological Argument Technologies
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A Plea for Ecological Argument Technologies

机译：呼吁生态论证技术

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Abstract In spite of significant research efforts, argument technologies do not seem poised to scale up as much as most commentators would hope or even predict. In this paper, I discuss what obstacles bar the way to more widespread success of argument technologies and venture some suggestions on how to circumvent such difficulties: doing so will require a significant shift in how this research area is typically understood and practiced. I begin by exploring a much broader yet closely related question: To what extent are people natively good at arguing? This issue has always been central to philosophical reflection and it has become even more urgent nowadays, with the explosion of persuasive technologies and unprecedented opportunities for large-scale social influence. The answer hinges on what aspect of argumentation is taken under consideration: evidence suggests that people are relatively bad at analyzing the structure of arguments, especially when these are presented out of context and in abstract terms; in contrast, data show that even laymen tend to excel in the interactive practice of argumentation, in particular when motivation is high and something significant is at stake. Unfortunately, current argument technologies are more closely tailored to the former type of activity than to the latter, which is the main reason behind their relative lack of success with the general public. Changing this state of affair will require a commitment to ecological argument technologies: that is, technologies designed to support real-time, engaging and meaningful argumentative interactions performed by laypeople in their ordinary life, instead of catering to the highly specific needs of a minority of niche users (typically, argumentation scholars).
机译： Abstract 尽管进行了大量的研究工作，但论证技术似乎并没有像大多数评论家所希望甚至预测的那样迅速扩展。在本文中，我将讨论阻碍争论技术更广泛成功的障碍，并就如何规避此类难题提出一些建议：这样做将需要对通常理解和实践该研究领域的方式进行重大转变。我首先探讨一个更广泛但又密切相关的问题：人们天生善于争论的程度？这个问题一直是哲学反思的中心，如今，随着说服性技术的爆炸式增长和大规模社会影响的空前机会，这一问题变得更加紧迫。答案取决于考虑论证的哪个方面：证据表明人们在分析论证的结构方面相对较差，特别是当这些论证是在上下文和抽象术语下提出时；相比之下，数据表明，即使是外行人也往往在辩论的互动实践中表现出色，尤其是在动力很高且有重大危险的情况下。不幸的是，当前的论证技术更适合于前一种类型的活动，而不是后者，这是它们在公众中相对缺乏成功的主要原因。要改变这种状况，就需要致力于生态论证技术：即旨在支持普通人在日常生活中进行实时，互动和有意义的论证互动的技术，而不是满足少数利基用户（通常是论证学者）的高度具体需求。

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