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首页> 外文期刊>Knowledge Technology & Policy >Branching Is Not a Bug; It's a Feature: Personal Identity and Legal (and Moral) Responsibility
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Branching Is Not a Bug; It's a Feature: Personal Identity and Legal (and Moral) Responsibility

机译：分支不是错误;这是一个特征：个人身份和法律（和道德）责任

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Abstract Prospective developments in computer and nanotechnology suggest that there is some possibility—perhaps as early as this century—that we will have the technological means to attempt to duplicate people. For example, it has been speculated that the psychology of individuals might be emulated on a computer platform to create a personality duplicate—an “upload.” Physical duplicates might be created by advanced nanobots tasked with creating molecule-for-molecule copies of individuals. Such possibilities are discussed in the philosophical literature as (putative) cases of “fission”: one person “splitting” into two. Many philosophers, perhaps most, reject the idea of fission, appealing to some form of a “no-branching” condition to rule out such possibilities. I argue, to the contrary, that there are good moral reasons to think that any account of personal identity that does not permit fission is deeply problematic, especially in connection with theorizing about criminal punishment. I discuss and reject David Lewis’ famous account of personal identity that invokes “multiple occupancy” to allow for branching. In contrast, I offer an account of personal identity that permits branching using the type/token distinction to help with such puzzling cases.
机译：摘要计算机和纳米技术的前瞻性发展表明，尽早存在一些可能性 - 我们将有技术手段试图重复人民。例如，已经推测，在计算机平台上可能会模拟个人的心理学，以创建个性重复 - 一个“上传”。可以通过先进的纳米蛋白创建物理重复，任务是创建个人分子的分子分子副本。这种可能性在哲学文献中讨论（推定）“裂变”：一个人“分裂”分为两种。许多哲学家，也许是最多，拒绝裂变的想法，吸引某种形式的“无分支”条件，以排除这些可能性。我争辩说，相反，有良好的道德理由认为，任何不允许裂变的个人身份都对不允许裂变的任何陈述都深感问题，特别是与理论上有关刑事惩罚的理论。我讨论并拒绝David Lewis的着名个人身份叙述，该个人身份调用“多占用”以允许分支。相比之下，我提供了一个个人身份的帐户，该个人身份允许分支使用类型/令牌区别来帮助解决此类令人难以帮助的情况。

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