This paper is an introduction to survivability of WDM networks. All the main optical protection techniques proposed as far as now for the WDM layer are classified and reviewed. In particular, commonly adopted protection strategies for ring and mesh networks are explained. Moreover, off-line planning of WDM networks able to support path protection is briefly introduced. Finally, an example of heuristic network- Capacity optimization is presented, discussing results obtained by considering a casr-study networks.
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