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3-D localization of wireless sensor nodes using near-field magnetic-induction communications

机译：使用近场磁感应通信的无线传感器节点的3-D定位

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摘要

This paper proposes two localization methods for wireless sensor nodes that utilize an arbitrarily oriented tri-directional coil as both magnetic induction (MI) transmitter and receiver for wireless communications. Taking advantage of magnetic field measurements of a tri-directional coil antenna in the near-field, the two localization algorithms use only two anchor nodes to locate a sensor node in the 3-D space. Assuming each anchor node transmits the communication signals by three coils sequentially, which are received by the three coils at a sensor node simultaneously, this paper derives closed-form formulas for estimating the transmission distance and the polar angles to yield eight possible location points based on the signals of each anchor node. Then a rotation matrix (RM)-based method derives the orientation rotation matrix between the transmitter and receiver to find two possible location vectors with opposite directions in each anchor node. Then, we use maximum likelihood to estimate the location with two anchor nodes assisted. Another method called the distance-based method, taking into account the locations of the two anchor nodes and the two sets of eight possible location estimates of the sensor node, estimates the location by minimizing the distance. The RM-based method can achieve high localization accuracy while the distance-based method has less computational complexity. However, the distance-based method may encounter location ambiguity when the orientations of the two anchor nodes are the same. Simulations were performed to compare these two algorithms and the existing localization algorithm in this scenario. The results show that the proposed two localization algorithms and the derived closed-form formula of distance achieve good accuracy under large measurement errors.
机译：本文提出了两种针对无线传感器节点的定位方法，这些方法利用任意定向的三向线圈作为无线通信的磁感应（MI）发送器和接收器。利用近场中三向线圈天线的磁场测量，这两种定位算法仅使用两个锚节点在3-D空间中定位传感器节点。假设每个锚节点依次通过三个线圈传输通信信号，并同时在一个传感器节点上由三个线圈接收通信信号，则本文推导了闭合形式的公式，用于估计传输距离和极角，从而得出八个可能的定位点。每个锚节点的信号。然后，基于旋转矩阵（RM）的方法在发送器和接收器之间导出方向旋转矩阵，以在每个锚点中找到方向相反的两个可能的位置矢量。然后，我们使用最大似然估计在两个锚节点协助下的位置。考虑到两个锚节点的位置以及传感器节点的两组八种可能的位置估计值的另一种方法称为基于距离的方法，它通过最小化距离来估计位置。基于RM的方法可以实现较高的定位精度，而基于距离的方法具有较低的计算复杂度。但是，当两个锚节点的方向相同时，基于距离的方法可能会遇到位置不明确的情况。在这种情况下，进行了仿真以比较这两种算法和现有的定位算法。结果表明，在较大的测量误差下，所提出的两种定位算法和所推导的距离封闭式公式均具有良好的精度。

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  • 来源
    《Physical Communication》 |2018年第10期|97-106|共10页
  • 作者

    Huai Huang; Yahong Rosa Zheng;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science & Technology;

    Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science & Technology;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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