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An investigation of S-DF cooperative communication protocol over keyhole fading channel

机译：锁孔衰落信道上S-DF协作通信协议的研究

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摘要

This paper investigates the keyhole or pinhole effect on the pairwise error probability (PEP) performance of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) space–time block-code (STBC) based selective decode and forward (S-DF) protocol. The closed form PEP expressions are derived for several configurations in terms of number of hops, phases, and relays over Nakagami-m fading channel, with perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI), and with and without the keyhole condition. Further, a framework is developed for deriving the diversity order (DO) for each configuration. It demonstrates that full DO for cooperation protocol can be achieved when there is a knowledge of perfect CSI. A convex optimization framework is formulated for obtaining the optimal source–relay power allocation factors which significantly improve the end-to-end reliability of the system under power constraint scenarios. Monte Carlo simulations are performed for both equal and optimal power allocation factors and results show the substantial improvement in PEP performance with an increase in the value of the shape parameter and relay to destination (RD) link channel variance. Results show an improved PEP performance by increasing the RD link channel variance in comparison to increasing the source to relay (SR) link channel variance. Also PEP performance degrades for keyhole Nakagami-m fading channel as compared to Nakagami-m fading channel. Simulation results are in close agreement with the analytical results at high signal to noise ratio (SNR) regimes.
机译：本文研究了锁孔或针孔对基于选择性解码和前向（S-DF）协议的多输入多输出（MIMO）空时分组码（STBC）的成对错误概率（PEP）性能的影响。对于Nakagami-m衰落信道上的跳数，相位和中继，具有完善和不完善的信道状态信息（CSI），以及有无钥匙孔情况，对于几种配置，都可以得出闭式PEP表达式。此外，开发了用于导出每种配置的分集阶数（DO）的框架。它表明，如果有完善的CSI知识，就可以实现用于协作协议的完整DO。制定了一个凸优化框架，以获得最佳的源－中继功率分配因子，该功率分配因子可显着提高功率受限情况下系统的端到端可靠性。对相等和最佳功率分配因子都进行了蒙特卡洛模拟，结果表明，随着形状参数值和中继到目标（RD）链路信道差异的增加，PEP性能得到了显着改善。结果表明，与增加源到中继（SR）链路信道差异相比，通过增加RD链路信道差异可以提高PEP性能。与Nakagami-m衰落信道相比，锁孔Nakagami-m衰落信道的PEP性能也会下降。仿真结果与高信噪比（SNR）情况下的分析结果非常吻合。

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