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首页> 外文期刊>Physical review >Probing vortex Majorana fermions and topology in semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures
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Probing vortex Majorana fermions and topology in semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures

机译：探测半导体/超导体异质结构中的马约拉纳涡旋和拓扑

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摘要

We investigate the local density of states, spectral function, and superconducting pair amplitudes for signatures of Majorana fermions in vortex cores in ferromagnetic and spin-orbit coupled semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures. We show that the Majorana fermion quasiparticle momentum distribution is always symmetrically distributed at a finite radius around a high-symmetry point, thereby providing a necessary condition for a low-energy state to be a Majorana fermion. In real-space profiles of the local density of states through the vortex core the Majorana fermion, together with other finite-energy vortex states, forms a characteristic X-shape structure only present at nontrivial topology. Moreover, we find that the Mexican hat band structure property of the topologically nontrivial phase translates into multiple high-intensity band edges and also vortex core states located above the superconducting gap in the local density of states. Finally, we find no strong correlation between odd-frequency pairing and the appearance of Majorana fermions, but odd-frequency pairing exists as soon as ferromagnetism is present. In fact, we find that the only vortex superconducting pair amplitude directly related to any phase transition is the appearance of certain spin-triplet p-wave pairing components in the vortex core at a pre-topological vortex core widening transition.
机译：我们研究了铁磁和自旋轨道耦合半导体/超导体异质结构中旋涡核中马约拉那费米子签名的局部状态密度，谱函数和超导对振幅。我们表明，马约拉那费米子准粒子动量分布始终对称地分布在高对称点周围的有限半径上，从而为低能态成为马约拉那费米子提供了必要条件。在通过涡旋核的局部局部密度的真实空间轮廓中，马约拉那费米子与其他有限能涡旋态一起形成仅在非平凡拓扑结构中出现的特征X形结构。此外，我们发现，拓扑非平凡相的墨西哥帽带结构性质转化为多个高强度带边缘，并且还涡旋了位于局部态密度中超导间隙上方的核心态。最后，我们发现奇数频率配对与马里亚纳费米子的出现之间没有强相关性，但是只要存在铁磁性，奇数频率配对就存在。实际上，我们发现，与任何相变直接相关的唯一涡旋超导振幅是在拓扑前的涡旋核加宽跃迁处涡旋核中某些自旋三重态p波对分量的出现。

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