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Equilibration in closed quantum systems: Application to spin qubits

机译:封闭量子系统中的平衡:自旋量子位的应用

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摘要

We study an "observable-based" notion of equilibration and its application to realistic systems like spin qubits in quantum dots. On the basis of the so-called distinguishability, we analytically derive general equilibration bounds, which we relate to the standard deviation of the fluctuations of the corresponding observable. Subsequently, we apply these ideas to the central spin model describing the spin physics in quantum dots. We probe our bounds by analyzing the spin dynamics induced by the hyperfine interaction between the electron spin and the nuclear spins using exact diagonalization. Interestingly, even small numbers of nuclear spins as found in carbon or silicon based quantum dots are sufficient to significantly equilibrate the electron spin.
机译:我们研究了一种“基于可观察的”平衡概念,并将其应用于现实系统中,例如量子点中的自旋量子位。在所谓的可区分性的基础上,我们分析性地得出一般均衡范围,该范围与相应可观测值波动的标准偏差有关。随后,我们将这些思想应用于描述量子点中自旋物理学的中心自旋模型。我们通过使用精确的对角线分析由电子自旋和核自旋之间的超精细相互作用引起的自旋动力学来探究边界。有趣的是,即使在碳或硅基量子点中发现的少量核自旋也足以显着平衡电子自旋。

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