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Classical and semiclassical theories of atom scattering from corrugated surfaces

机译：波纹表面原子散射的经典和半经典理论

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摘要

A theory based in the semiclassical eikonal approximation is developed to describe energy transfer in the collision of an atomic projectile with a surface which is either ordered or disordered. This theory is extended from the quantum mechanical regime to the classical regime of complete quantum decoherence via the Bohr correspondence principle of large numbers of excited quanta. In the quantum mechanical regime, the theory reproduces the well-known eikonal approximation for elastic collisions, provides a simple and useful expression for single-phonon inelastic scattering, and leads to further expressions for multiple-phonon transfers. In the classical limit, the theory produces an expression that includes the effects of surface corrugation in addition to the excitations of large numbers of phonons. This theory shows that a simple measurement of the most probable intensity of energy-resolved scattering spectra taken as a function of surface temperature, with all other experimentally controllable parameters held fixed, can be used to extract the surface corrugation amplitude. Comparisons with data for Ar scattering from the molten metals Ga and In show good agreement with the measured energy-resolved spectra, the in-plane angular distributions, the out-of-plane angular distributions, and produces values for the corrugation amplitudes that range from 10% to 30% of the average interparticle spacing.
机译：提出了一种基于半经典电子近似的理论，以描述原子弹与有序或无序表面碰撞时的能量转移。通过大量激发量子的玻尔对应原理，该理论从量子力学范围扩展到完全量子退相干的经典范围。在量子力学中，该理论再现了众所周知的弹性碰撞的本征近似，为单声子非弹性散射提供了一种简单有用的表达式，并导致了多声子转移的进一步表达式。在经典范围内，该理论产生的表达式除了激励大量声子外，还包括表面波纹的影响。该理论表明，将所有可能的能量分辨散射光谱的强度作为表面温度的函数的简单测量，以及所有其他实验可控制的参数保持固定的情况，可用于提取表面波纹幅度。与来自熔融金属Ga和In的Ar散射数据的比较表明，与测得的能量分辨谱，面内角分布，面外角分布以及产生的波纹幅度值之间的一致性很好。平均粒子间距的10％到30％。

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