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Magnetization and phase transition induced by circularly polarized laser in quantum magnets

机译：圆极化激光在量子磁体中引起的磁化和相变

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摘要

We theoretically predict a nonequilibrium phase transition in quantum spin systems induced by a laser, which provides a purely quantum-mechanical way of coherently controlling magnetization. Namely, when a circularly polarized laser is applied to a spin system, the magnetic component of a laser is shown to induce a magnetization normal to the plane of polarization, leading to an ultrafast phase transition. We first demonstrate this phenomenon numerically for an S = 1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin chain, where a new state emerges with magnetization perpendicular to the polarization plane of the laser in place of the topologically ordered Haldane state. We then elucidate its physical mechanism by mapping the system to an effective static model. The theory also indicates that the phenomenon should occur in general quantum spin systems with a magnetic anisotropy. The required laser frequency is in the terahertz range, with the required intensity being within a prospective experimental feasibility.
机译：从理论上讲，我们预测了由激光引起的量子自旋系统中的非平衡相变，这提供了一种相干控制磁化的纯量子力学方法。即，当将圆偏振激光器应用于自旋系统时，示出了激光器的磁性成分引起垂直于偏振平面的磁化，从而导致超快速的相变。我们首先从数字上证明了S = 1的反铁磁Heisenberg自旋链中的这种现象，其中出现了一个新态，其磁化强度垂直于激光器的偏振面，代替了拓扑有序的Haldane态。然后，我们通过将系统映射到有效的静态模型来阐明其物理机制。该理论还表明，该现象应在具有磁各向异性的一般量子自旋系统中发生。所需的激光频率在太赫兹范围内，所需的强度在预期的实验可行性内。

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