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Signatures of Rashba spin-orbit interaction in the superconducting proximity effect in helical Luttinger liquids

机译:螺旋Luttinger液体中超导邻近效应中Rashba自旋轨道相互作用的特征

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摘要

We consider the superconducting proximity effect in a helical Luttinger liquid at the edge of a two-dimensional (2D) topological insulator, and derive the low-energy Hamiltonian for an edge state tunnel-coupled to an s-wave superconductor. In addition to correlations between the left- and right-moving modes, the coupling can induce them inside a single mode, as the spin axis of the edge modes is not necessarily constant. This can be induced controllably in HgTe/CdTe quantum wells via the Rashba spin-orbit coupling, and is a consequence of the 2D nature of the edge-state wave function. The distinction of these two features in the proximity effect is also vital for the use of such helical modes in order to split Cooper pairs. We discuss the consequent transport signatures, and point out a long-ranged feature in a dc conductance measurement that can be used to distinguish the two types of correlations present and to determine the magnitude of the Rashba interaction.
机译:我们考虑了二维(2D)拓扑绝缘体边缘的螺旋Luttinger液体中的超导邻近效应,并推导了耦合至s波超导体的边缘态隧道的低能哈密顿量。除了左右移动模式之间的相关性之外,由于边缘模式的自旋轴不一定恒定,因此耦合还可以在单​​个模式内诱导它们。这可以通过Rashba自旋轨道耦合在HgTe / CdTe量子阱中可控地诱发,并且是边缘态波函数的2D性质的结果。这两个特征在邻近效应中的区别对于使用这种螺旋模式来分裂库珀对也至关重要。我们讨论了随之而来的传输签名,并指出了直流电导测量中的远距离特性,可用于区分当前存在的两种类型的相关性并确定Rashba相互作用的强度。

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