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Dynamic charge correlations near the Peierls transition

机译：Peierls过渡附近的动态电荷相关性

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摘要

The quantum phase transition between a repulsive Luttinger liquid and an insulating Peierls state is studied in the framework of the one-dimensional spinless Holstein model. We focus on the adiabatic regime but include the full quantum dynamics of the phonons. Using continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we track, in particular, the dynamic charge structure factor and the single-particle spectrum across the transition. With increasing electron-phonon coupling, the dynamic charge structure factor reveals the emergence of a charge gap and a clear signature of phonon softening at the zone boundary. The single-particle spectral function evolves continuously across the transition. Hybridization of the charge and phonon modes of the Luttinger liquid description leads to two modes, one of which corresponds to the coherent polaron band. This band acquires a gap upon entering the Peierls phase, whereas the other mode constitutes the incoherent, high-energy spectrum with backfolded shadow bands. Coherent polaronic motion is a direct consequence of quantum lattice fluctuations. In the strong-coupling regime, the spectrum is described by the static, mean-field limit. Importantly, whereas finite electron density in general leads to screening of polaron effects, the latter reappear at half-filling due to charge ordering and lattice dimerization.
机译：在一维无旋霍尔斯坦模型的框架内，研究了排斥型卢廷格液体和绝热Peierls态之间的量子相变。我们关注绝热状态，但包括声子的完整量子动力学。使用连续时间量子蒙特卡洛模拟，我们特别跟踪了跃迁中的动态电荷结构因子和单粒子光谱。随着电子-声子耦合的增加，动态电荷结构因子揭示了带隙的出现和区域边界处声子软化的清晰特征。单粒子光谱函数在过渡过程中不断演化。 Luttinger液体描述的电荷模式和声子模式的杂交导致两种模式，其中一种模式对应于相干极化子带。该频带在进入Peierls相时会获得一个间隙，而另一种模式则构成了带有反折阴影带的不相干的高能谱。相干极化运动是量子晶格波动的直接结果。在强耦合状态下，频谱由静态平均场极限来描述。重要的是，尽管有限的电子密度通常会导致极化子效应的屏蔽，但由于电荷有序和晶格二聚化，极化子效应会在半填充时重新出现。

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