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Universal nonequilibrium quantum dynamics in imaginary time

机译:虚时内的普遍非平衡量子动力​​学

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摘要

We propose a method to study dynamical response of a quantum system by evolving it with an imaginarytime-dependent Hamiltonian. The leading nonadiabatic response of the system driven to a quantum-critical point is universal and characterized by the same exponents in real and imaginary time. For a linear quench protocol, the fidelity susceptibility and the geometric tensor naturally emerge in the response functions. Beyond linear response, we extend the finite-size scaling theory of quantum phase transitions to nonequilibrium setups. This allows, e.g., for studies of quantum phase transitions in systems of fixed finite size by monitoring expectation values as a function of the quench velocity. Nonequilibrium imaginary-time dynamics is also amenable to quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations, with a scheme that we introduce here and apply to quenches of the transverse-field Ising model to quantum-critical points in one and two dimensions. The QMC method is generic and can be applied to a wide range of models and nonequilibrium setups.
机译:我们提出了一种方法,通过用依赖于虚时的哈密顿量演化量子系统的动力响应。被驱动到量子临界点的系统的主要非绝热响应是普遍的,其特征是在实时和虚拟时间内具有相同的指数。对于线性淬灭方案,保真度和几何张量自然会出现在响应函数中。除了线性响应之外,我们还将量子相变的有限尺寸缩放理论扩展到非平衡设置。这允许例如通过监测作为淬灭速度的函数的期望值来研究固定有限大小的系统中的量子相变。非平衡的虚时动力学也适用于量子蒙特卡洛(QMC)模拟,我们在此引入一种方案,并将其应用于对一维和二维量子临界点的横向场伊辛模型的猝灭。 QMC方法是通用的,可以应用于各种模型和非平衡设置。

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