Ultralow blocking temperature and breakdown of the giant spin model in Er~(3+)-doped nanoparticles

W. Van den Heuvel; rnV. K. Tikhomirov; rnD. Kirilenko; rnN. Schildermans; rnL. F. Chibotaru; rnJ. Vanacken; rnP. Gredin; rnM. Mortier; rnG. van Tendeloo; rnV. V. Moshchalkov

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Ultralow blocking temperature and breakdown of the giant spin model in Er~(3+)-doped nanoparticles

机译：Er〜（3+）掺杂纳米粒子的超低封闭温度和巨大自旋模型的破坏

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The magnetization of luminescent Er~(3+)-doped PbF_2 nanoparticles (formula Er_(0.3)Pb_(0.7)F_(2.3)) has been studied. Despite the high concentration of the doping Er~(3+)ions and relatively large size (8 nm) of these nanoparticles we have found no deviation between field-cooled and zero-field-cooled magnetization curves down to T =0.35 K, which points out an ultralow blocking temperature for the reversal of magnetization. We also have found strongly deviating magnetization curves M(H/T) for different temperatures T. These results altogether show that the investigated nanoparticles are not superparamagnetic, but rather each Er~(3+) ion in these nanoparticles is found in a paramagnetic state down to very low temperatures, which implies the breakdown of the Neel-Brown giant spin model in the case of these nanoparticles. Calculations of magnetization within a paramagnetic model of noninteracting Er~(3+) ions completely support this conclusion. Due to the ultralow blocking temperature, these nanoparticles have a potential for magnetic field-induced nanoscale refrigeration with an option of their optical localization and temperature control.

机译：研究了发光的Er〜（3+）掺杂的PbF_2纳米粒子（分子式Er_（0.3）Pb_（0.7）F_（2.3）的磁化强度。尽管掺杂的Er〜（3+）离子浓度很高且这些纳米粒子的尺寸相对较大（8 nm），但我们发现低至T = 0.35 K的场冷和零场冷磁化曲线之间没有偏差。指出了磁化反转的超低阻断温度。我们还发现了在不同温度T下的强磁化曲线M（H / T）。这些结果完全表明，所研究的纳米粒子不是超顺磁性的，而是这些纳米粒子中的每个Er〜（3+）离子都处于顺磁性状态到非常低的温度，这意味着在这些纳米粒子的情况下，尼尔-布朗巨自旋模型的分解。非相互作用的Er〜（3+）离子顺磁性模型中的磁化强度计算完全支持这一结论。由于超低的阻断温度，这些纳米粒子具有光学感应定位和温度控制的选择，因而具有用于磁场诱导的纳米级制冷的潜力。

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来源
《Physical review》 |2010年第9期|p.094421.1-094421.8|共8页
作者
W. Van den Heuvel; rnV. K. Tikhomirov; rnD. Kirilenko; rnN. Schildermans; rnL. F. Chibotaru; rnJ. Vanacken; rnP. Gredin; rnM. Mortier; rnG. van Tendeloo; rnV. V. Moshchalkov;
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作者单位

Chemistry Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium;

rnInstitute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium;

rnPhysics Department, Antwerpen University, Antwerpen B-2020, Belgium;

Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium;

rnChemistry Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium;

rnInstitute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium;

rnLaboratoire de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Paris,UPMC-Paris 6, CNRS UMR 7574, F-75005, Paris France;

Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Paris,UPMC-Paris 6, CNRS UMR 7574, F-75005, Paris France;

Physics Department, Antwerpen University, Antwerpen B-2020, Belgium;

Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium;

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crystal-field theory and spin hamiltonians; nonmetals;

机译：晶体场理论和自旋哈密顿论;非金属;

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Ultralow blocking temperature and breakdown of the giant spin model in Er~(3+)-doped nanoparticles

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