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Impurity Effects On The ±s-wave State Of The Iron-based Superconductors

机译：杂质对铁基超导体±s波态的影响

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摘要

We studied the impurity scattering on the ±s-wave superconductor (SC), with realistic parameters for the Fe pnictide SCs. Using the T-matrix method, generalized for the two bands, we found that the strong scattering limit of impurities forms an off-centered resonance state inside the superconducting (SC) gap, which modifies, surprisingly, the density of states (DOS) of a fully opened gap to a V-shaped DOS as if in the case of a d-wave SC. This behavior provides coherent explanations to the several conflicting experiments of the Fe-based SC: (1) the V-shaped DOS observed in photoemission and tunneling spectroscopy but with an isotropic gap; (2) the power-law behavior of the nuclear-spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T_1～T~α with α～3) down to very low temperatures. We also extended the same T-matrix method to study the impurity suppression of the critical temperature T_c of the ± s-wave pairing state. We found that both magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities suppress T_c with a rate that is practically indistinguishable from the standard d-wave case despite a possibly large difference of the positive and the negative s-wave order parameter magnitudes.
机译：我们研究了±s波超导体（SC）上的杂质散射，并为Fe农药SCs提供了实际参数。使用在两个频带上推广使用的T矩阵方法，我们发现杂质的强散射极限在超导（SC）间隙内形成了偏心共振状态，这出乎意料地修改了电子的态密度（DOS）与d波SC一样，与V形DOS完全打开的间隙。这种行为为铁基SC的几个相互矛盾的实验提供了连贯的解释：（1）在光发射和隧穿光谱学中观察到的V形DOS，但具有各向同性的间隙； （2）在很低的温度下，核自旋晶格弛豫率（1 / T_1〜T〜α，α〜3）的幂律行为。我们还扩展了相同的T矩阵方法，以研究±s波配对状态的临界温度T_c的杂质抑制。我们发现，尽管正负s阶参数大小可能存在很大差异，但磁性杂质和非磁性杂质均以与标准d波情况几乎无法区分的速率抑制T_c。

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