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Influence Of Impurities On The Electronic Structure Of Y(0001) Single-crystal Surfaces

机译：杂质对Y（0001）单晶表面电子结构的影响

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Rare-earth single crystals are known to contain naturally occurring impurities despite fabrication with the best refinement techniques. This is why thin films grown on W(110) or Mo(110) are usually preferred for studies of the surface electronic structure, although the surface order of thin films is generally worse than on single crystals. In this paper, we demonstrate the influence of impurities on the surface electronic structure below and above the Fermi level for different cleaning stages of a Y(0001) single-crystal surface. While the unoccupied electronic structure is only slightly affected by the presence of different impurities, the occupied electronic structure shows characteristic changes depending on the specific impurity at the surface. The nature of the so-called surface-order-dependent state, which has been a source of speculation for more than 20 years, is revealed as a result of a strongly temperature-dependent chemical reaction at the yttrium surface that involves carbon and oxygen. Furthermore, we show that the surface state close to the Fermi energy reacts very sensitively to the surface chemistry. It exhibits an energetic shift that is characteristic of a certain impurity at the surface.
机译：尽管采用最佳精制技术进行制造，稀土单晶仍含有天然杂质。这就是为什么在W（110）或Mo（110）上生长的薄膜通常优选用于研究表面电子结构的原因，尽管薄膜的表面顺序通常比单晶体差。在本文中，我们证明了Y（0001）单晶表面不同清洗阶段杂质对费米能级以下和更高的表面电子结构的影响。尽管未占用的电子结构仅受到不同杂质的存在的轻微影响，但占用的电子结构会根据表面的特定杂质显示出特性变化。由于在钇表面上涉及碳和氧的强烈的温度依赖性化学反应的结果，揭示了所谓的依赖于表面顺序的状态的性质，该性质一直是推测的来源。此外，我们表明接近费米能量的表面状态对表面化学反应非常敏感。它表现出高能移动，该高能移动是表面上某些杂质的特征。

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