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Microscopic model and phase diagrams of the multiferroic perovskite manganites

机译：钙铁锰铁矿的微观模型和相图

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摘要

Orthorhombically distorted perovskite manganites, RMnO_3 with R being a trivalent rare-earth ion, exhibit a variety of magnetic and electric phases including multiferroic (i.e., concurrently magnetic and ferroelectric) phases and fascinating magnetoelectric phenomena. We theoretically study the phase diagram of RMnO_3 by constructing a microscopic spin model, which includes not only the superexchange interaction but also the single-ion anisotropy (SIA) and the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction (DMI). Analysis of this model using the Monte Carlo method reproduces the experimental phase diagrams as functions of the R-ion radius, which contain two different multiferroic states, i.e., the ab-plane spin cycloid with ferroelectric polarization P‖a and the bc-plane spin cycloid with P‖c. The orthorhombic lattice distortion or the second-neighbor spin exchanges enhanced by this distortion exquisitely controls the keen competition between these two phases through tuning the SIA and DMI energies. This leads to a lattice-distortion-induced reorientation of P from a to c in agreement with the experiments. We also discuss spin structures in the A-type antiferromagnetic state, those in the cycloidal spin states, origin and nature of the sinusoidal collinear spin state, and many other issues.
机译：正交畸变的钙钛矿锰矿RMnO_3，R为三价稀土离子，表现出多种磁相和电相，包括多铁相（即同时存在磁和铁电）和令人着迷的磁电现象。我们通过构建微观自旋模型从理论上研究RMnO_3的相图，该模型不仅包括超交换相互作用，还包括单离子各向异性（SIA）和Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya相互作用（DMI）。使用蒙特卡洛方法对该模型进行分析，再现了作为R离子半径的函数的实验相图，其中包含两个不同的多铁性态，即具有铁电极化P′a的ab平面自旋摆线和bc平面自旋P′c的摆线。通过调整SIA和DMI能量，正交畸变晶格畸变或由该畸变增强的第二邻域自旋交换可精确控制这两相之间的激烈竞争。与实验一致，这导致P从a到c的晶格畸变引起的重新取向。我们还将讨论处于A型反铁磁状态的自旋结构，处于摆线自旋状态的自旋结构，正弦共线自旋状态的起源和性质以及许多其他问题。

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