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Nonlinear Refraction Of Hard X Rays

机译:硬X射线的非线性折射

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We study the nonlinear refraction of x rays in highly ionized condensed matter by using a classical model of a cold electron plasma in a lattice of still ions coupled with Maxwell equations. By employing a group-theoretical technique, we reduce the governing equations of the system to an integrable set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, discussing the existence and stability of nonlinear waves. This allows us to define the effective Kerr coefficient n_2 at x rays. With reference to real-world crystalline materials (B, C, Li, and Na), we consider beam self-defocusing and predict that nonlinear processes become comparable to the linear ones for focused beams with powers on the order of mc~3/r_0(≈ 10 GW), the classical electron power. As a consequence, nonlinear phenomena are expected to largely affect imaging experiments in currently exploited x-ray free-electron lasers and in their future developments.
机译:我们通过使用静态离子晶格中的冷电子等离子体的经典模型与Maxwell方程耦合,研究了高度电离的冷凝物中x射线的非线性折射。通过采用组理论技术,我们将系统的控制方程简化为一组可积分的非线性常微分方程,讨论了非线性波的存在和稳定性。这使我们能够定义x射线处的有效Kerr系数n_2。对于现实世界中的晶体材料(B,C,Li和Na),我们考虑了光束的自散焦,并预测对于功率为mc〜3 / r_0的聚焦光束,非线性过程可以与线性过程媲美。 (≈10 GW),经典的电子功率。结果,非线性现象有望在很大程度上影响当前开发的X射线自由电子激光器及其未来发展中的成像实验。

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