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Study of shock waves and solitons in bulk superfluid ~4He

机译：体超流体〜4He中冲击波和孤子的研究

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Properties of shock waves and solitons in superfluid He-4 were studied by time-resolved shadowgraph experiments and theoretical density functional theory calculations. Pressure estimates for shock waves and the bright soliton limit (0.2 MPa) were provided and compared with the semiclassical Rankine-Hugoniot theory. Overall, the shock wave amplitude-velocity relationship was observed to be linear at least up to 175 kg/m(3). At high amplitudes, the shock waves decay into sound waves in the wake as well as a bright soliton train in the front. This suggests that the experimental shadowgraph data presented by Ancilotto et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 035302 (2018)] correspond to such a train structure rather than an individual bright soliton. With reference to theoretical calculations, a new approach based on an accelerating wall embedded in the liquid is proposed for generating single solitons in superfluid helium. This process is also predicted to produce dark solitons in superfluid helium, which have not yet been observed experimentally. At low soliton amplitudes, collision with an exponentially repulsive wall results in nearly lossless reflection, which is accompanied by soliton inversion from dark to bright or bright to dark.
机译：通过时间分辨阴影图实验和理论密度泛函理论计算研究了超流体He-4中的冲击波和孤子的性质。提供了冲击波的压力估计值和明亮的孤子极限（0.2 MPa），并将其与半经典兰金-休格尼奥特理论进行了比较。总体而言，观察到的冲击波振幅-速度关系至少在175 kg / m处呈线性（3）。高振幅时，激波在尾波中衰减成声波，而在前面则是明亮的孤子列。这表明Ancilotto等人提供的实验阴影图数据。 [物理牧师120，035302（2018）]对应于这样的火车结构，而不是单独的明亮孤子。参照理论计算，提出了一种基于嵌入液体中的加速壁的新方法，用于在超流氦中生成单孤子。还预测该过程会在超流体氦中产生暗孤子，这在实验上还没有观察到。在低孤子振幅时，与指数排斥壁的碰撞会导致几乎无损的反射，并伴有孤子从暗到亮或从亮到暗的反转。

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  • 来源
    《Physical review》 |2019年第14期|144518.1-144518.8|共8页
  • 作者

    Buelna Xavier; Gonzalez Daniel; Freund Adam; Eloranta Jussi;

  • 作者单位

    Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Chem & Biochem, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330 USA;

    Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Chem & Biochem, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330 USA;

    Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Chem & Biochem, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330 USA;

    Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Chem & Biochem, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330 USA;

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