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首页> 外文期刊>Physical review >Atomtronics with a spin: Statistics of spin transport and nonequilibrium orthogonality catastrophe in cold quantum gases
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Atomtronics with a spin: Statistics of spin transport and nonequilibrium orthogonality catastrophe in cold quantum gases

机译：具有自旋的原子电子学：冷量子气体中自旋输运和非平衡正交性突变的统计

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摘要

We propose to investigate the full counting statistics of nonequilibrium spin transport with an ultracold atomic quantum gas. The setup makes use of the spin control available in atomic systems to generate spin transport induced by an impurity atom immersed in a spin-imbalanced two-component Fermi gas. In contrast to solid-state realizations, in ultracold atoms spin relaxation and the decoherence from external sources is largely suppressed. As a consequence, once the spin current is turned off by manipulating the internal spin degrees of freedom of the Fermi system, the nonequilibrium spin population remains constant. Thus one can directly count the number of spins in each reservoir to investigate the full counting statistics of spin flips, which is notoriously challenging in solid-state devices. Moreover, using Ramsey interferometry, the dynamical impurity response can be measured. Since the impurity interacts with a many-body environment that is out of equilibrium, our setup provides a way to realize the nonequilibrium orthogonality catastrophe. Here, even for spin reservoirs initially prepared in a zero-temperature state, the Ramsey response exhibits an exponential decay, which is in contrast to the conventional power-law decay of Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe. By mapping our system to a multistep Fermi sea, we are able to derive analytical expressions for the impurity response at late times. This allows us to reveal an intimate connection of the decay rate of the Ramsey contrast and the full counting statistics of spin flips.
机译：我们建议调查与超冷原子量子气体的非平衡自旋输运的全计数统计。该设置利用原子系统中可用的自旋控制来生成由浸入自旋不平衡的两组分费米气体中的杂质原子引起的自旋输运。与固态实现相反，在超冷原子中，自旋弛豫和很大程度上抑制了来自外部来源的退相干。结果，一旦通过操纵费米系统的内部自旋自由度来关闭自旋电流，则非平衡自旋种群将保持恒定。因此，人们可以直接计算每个容器中的自旋数，以研究自旋翻转的全部计数统计数据，这在固态设备中是非常困难的。此外，使用拉姆齐干涉测量法，可以测量动态杂质响应。由于杂质与不平衡的多体环境相互作用，因此我们的设置提供了一种实现非平衡正交性灾难的方法。在这里，即使对于最初在零温度状态下准备好的自旋储层，拉姆西响应也表现出指数衰减，这与安德森正交灾难的常规幂律衰减相反。通过将我们的系统映射到多步费米海，我们可以得出后期杂质响应的解析表达式。这使我们能够揭示拉姆齐对比度的衰减率与自旋翻转的全部计数统计数据之间的紧密联系。

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  • 来源
    《Physical review》 |2019年第21期|214505.1-214505.18|共18页
  • 作者

    You Jhih-Shih; Schmidt Richard; Ivanov Dmitri A.; Knap Michael; Demler Eugene;

  • 作者单位

    Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA|IFW Dresden, Inst Theoret Solid State Phys, Helmholtzstr 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany;

    Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, Hans Kopfermann Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany|Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland;

    Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany|Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany|Tech Univ Munich, Inst Adv Study, D-85748 Garching, Germany;

    Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA;

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