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Measurement-induced criticality in random quantum circuits

机译:随机量子电路中测量引起的临界

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摘要

We investigate the critical behavior of the entanglement transition induced by projective measurements in (Haar) random unitary quantum circuits. Using a replica approach, we map the calculation of the entanglement entropies in such circuits onto a two-dimensional statistical-mechanics model. In this language, the area- to volume-law entanglement transition can be interpreted as an ordering transition in the statistical-mechanics model. We derive the general scaling properties of the entanglement entropies and mutual information near the transition using conformal invariance. We analyze in detail the limit of infinite on-site Hilbert space dimension in which the statistical-mechanics model maps onto percolation. In particular, we compute the exact value of the universal coefficient of the logarithm of subsystem size in the nth Renyi entropies for n ≥ 1 in this limit using relatively recent results for the conformal field theory describing the critical theory of two-dimensional (2D) percolation, and we discuss how to access the generic transition at finite on-site Hilbert space dimension from this limit, which is in a universality class different from 2D percolation. We also comment on the relation to the entanglement transition in random tensor networks, studied previously in Vasseur et al.
机译:我们调查(Haar)随机unit量子电路中的投影测量引起的纠缠跃迁的临界行为。使用复制方法,我们将这种电路中纠缠熵的计算映射到二维统计力学模型上。用这种语言,面积到体积定律的纠缠过渡可以解释为统计力学模型中的有序过渡。我们使用共形不变性得出了过渡附近纠缠熵和互信息的一般缩放性质。我们详细分析了无限的希尔伯特空间维度的局限性,其中统计力学模型映射到了渗流上。尤其是,我们使用描述二维(2D)临界理论的相对较晚的保形场理论结果,在此极限下计算n≥1时,第n个Renyi熵中子系统大小对数的对数的精确值。渗滤,我们讨论了如何从此限制访问有限现场Hilbert空间维的通用过渡,该限制的普遍性类别不同于2D渗滤。我们还评论了先前在Vasseur等人中研究的与随机张量网络中纠缠跃迁的关系。

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  • 来源
    《Physical review》 |2020年第10期|104302.1-104302.11|共11页
  • 作者单位

    Station Q Microsoft Quantum Santa Barbara California 93106-6105 USA Kavli Institute of Theoretical Physics University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA;

    Department of Physics University of California San Diego California 92093 USA;

    Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA;

    Department of Physics University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA;

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