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Constraints on Jupiter's stratospheric HCl abundance and chlorine cycle from Herschel/HIFI

机译：Herschel / HIFI对木星平流层HCl丰度和氯循环的限制

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摘要

Detection of HCl on Jupiter would provide insight into the chlorine cycle and external elemental fluxes on giant planets, yet so far has not been possible. Here we present the most sensitive search for Jupiter's stratospheric HCl to date using observations of the 625.907 and 1876.221 GHz spectral lines with Herschel's HIFI instrument. HCl was not detected, but we determined the most stringent upper limits so far, improving on previous studies by two orders of magnitude. If HCl is assumed to be uniformly mixed, with a constant volume mixing ratio above the 1 mbar pressure level and has zero abundance below, we obtain a 3-σ upper limit of 0.061 ppb; in contrast, if we assume uniform mixing above the 1 mbar level and allow a non-zero but downward-decreasing abundance from 1 mbar to the troposphere based on eddy diffusion, we obtain a 3-σ upper limit of 0.027 ppb. This is below the abundance expected for a solar composition cometary source and implies that upper stratospheric HCl loss processes are required for consistency with observations of the external oxygen flux. We investigated loss via aerosol scavenging using a simple diffusion model and conclude that it could be a very effective mechanism for HCl removal. Transient scavenging by stratospheric NH_3 from impacts is another potentially important loss mechanism. This suggests that it is extremely unlikely that HCl is present in sufficient quantities to be detectable in the near future. An alternative explanation for our very low upper limits could be that HCl is sub-solar in comets or that cometary chlorine exists in inactive reservoirs that are not readily converted to HCl during the impact process.
机译：在木星上检测HCl可以深入了解巨型行星上的氯循环和外部元素通量，但迄今为止尚不可能。在这里，我们利用赫歇尔（Herschel）的HIFI仪器对625.907和1876.221 GHz谱线的观测，提出了迄今为止最敏感的对木星平流层HCl的搜索。未检测到HCl，但我们确定了迄今为止最严格的上限，比以前的研究提高了两个数量级。如果假定HCl是均匀混合的，并且在1 mbar压力水平以上具有恒定的体积混合比，而在下面则具有零丰度，则我们获得的3-σ上限为0.061 ppb。相反，如果我们假设在1 mbar水平以上均匀混合，并基于涡流扩散从1 mbar到对流层允许非零但向下递减的丰度，则我们获得的3-σ上限为0.027 ppb。这低于预期的太阳组合物彗星源的丰度，这意味着需要与高平流层HCl损失的过程，才能与外部氧气通量的观测结果保持一致。我们使用简单的扩散模型研究了通过清除气溶胶引起的损失，并得出结论，这可能是去除HCl的非常有效的机制。平流层NH_3撞击的瞬时清除是另一种潜在的重要损失机制。这表明HCl的含量极不可能在不久的将来被检测到。对于我们极低的上限的另一种解释可能是HCl在彗星中是次太阳能，或者彗星氯存在于不活动的储层中，在撞击过程中不容易转化为HCl。

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  • 来源
    《Planetary and space science》 |2014年第11期|250-261|共12页
  • 作者

    N.A. Teanby; A.P. Showman; L.N. Fletcher; P.G.J. Irwin;

  • 作者单位

    School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK;

    Lunar & Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA;

    Atmospheric, Oceanic & Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK;

    Atmospheric, Oceanic & Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Jupiter; Atmosphere; Composition; Herschel; Sub-millimetre;

    机译：木星;大气层;组成;赫歇尔;亚毫米;

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