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Hydrocode simulations of the largest crater on asteroid Lutetia

机译：小行星鲁特西亚最大陨石坑的水力模拟

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摘要

The flyby of the Main Belt asteroid Lutetia by the Rosetta spacecraft allows the camera OSIRIS to obtain very good images of about half of the body at the maximum resolution of 60 m per pixel. From the images and radio-science experiment, a density of about (3.4 ± 0.3)g/cm3 has been inferred for the asteroid. Many impact craters have been observed on the surface of Lutetia and the largest, named Massilia, has a diameter of about 55 km. Relative to the size of Lutetia (the longest axis is approximately 126 km) the crater represents one of the dominating features on its surface. Whether or not the impact that formed Massilia affected the entire asteroid can be only evaluated via numerical modeling, with hydrocodes, of the impact process. The results of a suite of iSALE simulations are compared with the crater profile derived from the Digital Terrain Model of the observed surface. The best match to the DTM of the crater with hydrocode simulations has allowed to determine a value of 7.5 km for the impactor diameter, which suggests a primordial origin of Lutetia due to the low probability of such an impact event. A second interesting impact structure has been identified nearby Massilia within the North Pole Crater Cluster. The crater has a diameter of 24 km and it lies over a larger crater of the North Pole Crater Cluster. This is strongly suggestive of a very young structure on Lutetia. The numerical simulations of this feature constrain the impactor to be 3.8 km in diameter, assuming the same material properties for target and impactor as in the model of the formation of Massilia.
机译：罗塞塔号太空飞船飞越主带小行星Lutetia，使OSIRIS相机能够以每像素60 m的最大分辨率获得大约一半人体的良好图像。根据图像和放射科学实验，推断小行星的密度约为（3.4±0.3）g / cm3。在鲁特西亚（Lutetia）的表面上已经观察到许多撞击坑，最大的陨石坑名为马西利亚，直径约55公里。相对于Lutetia的大小（最长的轴大约是126 km），火山口代表了其表面的主要特征之一。形成Massassiilia的撞击是否影响了整个小行星，只能通过带有水力代码的数值模拟来评估撞击过程。将一组iSALE模拟的结果与从观察到的表面的数字地形模型得出的火山口轮廓进行比较。与水坑模拟与火山口DTM的最佳匹配已允许确定撞击器直径的7.5 km值，这表明Lutetia是原始撞击源，因为这种撞击事件的可能性较低。在北极火山口群内马西利亚附近发现了第二个有趣的撞击结构。火山口的直径为24公里，位于北极火山口群较大的火山口上方。这强烈暗示了Lutetia的结构非常年轻。假设目标和撞击器的材料属性与马西利亚形成模型相同，此特征的数值模拟将撞击器的直径限制为3.8 km。

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  • 来源
    《Planetary and space science》 |2012年第1期|p.147-154|共8页
  • 作者

    G. Cremonese; E. Martellato; F. Marzari; E. Kuhrt; F. Scholten; F. Preusker; K. Wunnemann; P. Borin; M. Massironi; E. Simioni; W. Ip;

  • 作者单位

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomko di Padova, Italy;

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomko di Padova, Italy;

    Department of Physics, University of Padova, Italy;

    DLR, Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, Germany;

    DLR, Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, Germany;

    DLR, Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, Germany;

    Museum fuer Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity at the Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany;

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomko di Padova, Italy;

    Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Italy;

    CNR-1FN UOS LUXOR, Padova, Italy;

    Institute of Space Sciences, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    lutetia; asteroids; impacts; numerical modeling; cratering; rosetta;

    机译：黄体;小行星;撞击;数值模拟;缩孔;罗塞塔;

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