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Field analog studies of the distribution of windblown sediments at Amboy Crater, California, with application to Mars

机译:加利福尼亚州安博伊火山口的风吹沉积物分布的现场模拟研究,并应用于火星

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摘要

Many shallow craters in the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover site contain asymmetric distributions of windblown sediments, which could indicate the predominant local wind direction at the time of their deposition or redistribution. Terrestrial analog field work at the Amboy lava field, Mojave Desert, California, included real-time wind measurements and assessments of active sediment deposition in four small ( < 100 m) craters. Preliminary results indicate that reverse flow or stagnant wind flow likely occurs in craters with depth-to-diameter (d/D) ratios of ≥ 0.05. Measurements taken within a crater of djD of ~0.02 do not indicate reverse flow; therefore, reverse flow is expected to cease within a d/D ranging from 0.02 to 0.05, resulting in wind movement directly over the crater floor in the downwind direction. Craters with asymmetric eolian deposits near the Mars Spirit landing site have djD from 0.034 to 0.076, suggesting that reverse flow occurs in these craters. Thus, the position of windblown sediments in the small craters on the northwest part of the floor would indicate prevailing winds from the northwest to the southeast at the time of deposition or redistribution.
机译:精神火星探测漫游者站点中的许多浅坑包含风吹沉积物的不对称分布,这可能表明在沉积或重新分布时主要的局部风向。加利福尼亚州莫哈韦沙漠的Amboy熔岩场的地面模拟野外工作包括实时风速测量和四个小(<100 m)陨石坑活动沉积物沉积的评估。初步结果表明,深径比(d / D)≥0.05的陨石坑中可能会发生逆流或停风。在djD的0.02的火山口内进行的测量并不表示逆流;因此,预计在d / D范围从0.02到0.05的范围内,逆流将停止,从而导致风直接沿顺风方向在火山口底板上方运动。火星精神着陆点附近具有不对称风积沉积的火山口的djD从0.034到0.076,表明这些火山口中发生了逆流。因此,风吹沉积物在地面西北部小火山口中的位置将指示在沉积或再分布时从西北向东南方向盛行的风。

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