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Study of scattering characteristics of lunar equatorial region using Chandrayaan-1 Mini-SAR polarimetric data

机译：利用Chandrayaan-1 Mini-SAR极化数据研究月球赤道区域的散射特性

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The miniaturized synthetic aperture radar Mini-SAR onboard Indian Chandrayaan-1 mission was the first ever lunar orbiting SAR that acquired several data strips covering a wide variety of geological units over lunar equatorial and low latitude regions, some of which were not studied earlier at radar wavelengths. The Mini-SAR observations, complemented by high resolution optical imagery and higher incidence angle radar datasets, were effectively used to create a catalog of SAR backscatter properties of various lunar geological features. The radar backscatter along with the parameters circular polarization ratio (CPR), relative phase (δ) and m (the degree of polarization)-chi (the Poincare ellipticity) decomposition technique were used to study the scattering mechanisms, surface/sub-surface rough ness and regional topography of some of the craters and their ejecta fields. The study revealed that the Taylor and Descartes craters in the lunar highlands region were characterized by high backscatter and low CPR values, while the Maunder and Kopff craters in the Mare Orientale basin were characterized by relatively low backscatter and elevated CPR values. The fresh crater Jackson and its ejecta blankets on the lunar far-side showed very high backscatter along with elevated CPR values due to the presence of abundant wavelength-scale scatterers. The radar dark Pyroclastic Orientale ring deposits showed both low backscatter and low CPR values, as reported by previous radar observations of pyroclastic deposits. The elevated CPR values corresponding to the interior and exterior of Santos Dumont crater could be attributed to rough crater walls and regional topography, respectively. Finally, attempt was made to bring out the differences in the origin of two similar-sized craters Taylor and Kopff, with the help of SAR polarimetric parameters. Differences in the CPR values of Mare and highland craters were attributed to the sensitivity of CPR to the ilmenite content and presence of surface/sub-surface rocks with diameter of about one-tenth the radar wavelength and larger. This could act as a potential method to distinguish craters of different origin and (or) composition, where the information regarding relative age and regolith composition are not available.
机译：印度Chandrayaan-1航天飞机上的微型合成孔径雷达Mini-SAR是有史以来的首个绕月运行的SAR，它获取了涵盖月球赤道和低纬度地区的各种地质​​单元的多个数据条，其中一些未在雷达上进行过较早的研究。波长。 Mini-SAR观测，再加上高分辨率的光学图像和更高入射角的雷达数据集，被有效地用于创建各种月球地质特征的SAR反向散射特性目录。雷达反向散射以及圆极化率（CPR），相对相位（δ）和m（极化度）-chi（庞加莱椭圆率）分解参数用于研究散射机制，表面/亚表面粗糙一些火山口及其喷出场的地形和区域地形。研究表明，月球高地地区的泰勒和笛卡尔火山口的特征是背散射高，CPR值低，而东方马雷盆地的Maunder和Kopff火山口的特征是背散射相对低，CPR值高。由于存在大量的波长尺度散射体，月球远端的新鲜火山口杰克逊及其喷射毯显示出很高的反向散射以及较高的CPR值。雷达先前对火山碎屑沉积的观测结果表明，雷达暗热碎屑东方环沉积物显示出较低的反向散射和较低的CPR值。与Santos Dumont火山口的内部和外部相对应的CPR值升高可分别归因于粗糙的火山口壁和区域地形。最后，在SAR极化参数的帮助下，试图找出两个相似大小的陨石坑泰勒和科普夫的起源差异。母马和高地陨石坑的CPR值之所以不同，是因为CPR对钛铁矿含量的敏感度以及直径约为雷达波长十分之一或更大的表层/地下岩石的存在。这可能是区分不同来源和（或）组成的陨石坑的一种潜在方法，而无法获得有关相对年龄和re石成分的信息。

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