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Possible sources for methane and C_2-C_5 organics in the plume of Enceladus

机译：土卫二羽中甲烷和C_2-C_5有机物的可能来源

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摘要

We consider six possible sources of CH_4 and other lowmass (C_2-C_5) organics in the plume of Enceladus: three of these sources represent initial endowments of organics: cometary organics, Titan-like tholin, and the Fisher-Tropsch type reactions in the gases from which Enceladus formed. The other three sources represent processes inside Enceladus: water-rock reactions, microbiology, and thermogenesis. We report on new laboratory results for C_2 hydrocarbons released by thermogenesis of laboratory tholin and the Fisher-Tropsch type synthesis. Thermal processing of Titan-like tholin produced ratios of CH_4/C_2H_4 and CH_4/C_2H_6 of about two for temperatures up to 450 ℃ and about six for a temperature of 650 ℃. The low pressure (～1 atm) Fisher-Tropsch type experiments produced CH_4/C_2H_4 of ～1.5, similar to previous results. C_2H_2 was not produced by either process. Tests of gas production by four strains of methanogens confirmed the absence of any detectable production of non-methane hydro carbons. Cometary endowment, the Fisher-Tropsch type synthesis, and Titan-like tholin incorporation could be primary inputs of organics and subsequent thermal processing of any of these all are possible sources of low mass organics in the plume. Biological production and water-rock reactions are an alternative source of CH_4. Aqueous reactions with CO and H_2 can produce C_2-C_5 organics even at the low pressures of the interior of Enceladus. If there is a confirmed detection of CO and C_2H_2 in the plume of Enceladus, this provides an important constraint on sources, as we have identified no process, other than the initial volatile component of cometary organics. which can supply these gases. Precise determination of the relative concentrations of C_1-C_5 hydrocarbons may provide additional constraints on sources, but a detailed isotopic analysis of C and H in these organics and a search for amino acids constitute the next important steps in resolving the sources of the organics in Enceladus' plume.
机译：我们考虑了土卫二羽中CH_4和其他低质量（C_2-C_5）有机物的六种可能来源：这些来源中的三种代表了有机物的初始initial赋：彗星有机物，类似泰坦的Tholin和气体中的Fisher-Tropsch型反应恩克拉多斯由此形成。其他三个来源表示土卫二内部的过程：水岩反应，微生物学和生热作用。我们报告了由实验室索林的热生成和Fisher-Tropsch型合成释放的C_2烃的新实验室结果。泰坦状索林的热处理产生的CH_4 / C_2H_4和CH_4 / C_2H_6的比率在最高温度为450℃时约为2，在温度为650℃时约为6。低压（〜1 atm）Fisher-Tropsch型实验产生的CH_4 / C_2H_4为〜1.5，与先前的结果相似。两种方法均未产生C_2H_2。对四种产甲烷菌菌株进行的产气测试证实，没有发现任何可检测到的非甲烷碳氢化合物。彗星end赋，Fisher-Tropsch型合成和类似泰坦的Tholin掺入可能是有机物的主要输入，所有这些中的任何后续热处理都可能是羽状流中低质量有机物的来源。生物生产和水岩石反应是CH_4的替代来源。即使在土卫二内部的低压下，与CO和H_2的水反应也可产生C_2-C_5有机物。如果确认在土卫二的羽状流中检测到了CO和C_2H_2，则这将对来源产生重要的限制，因为我们没有发现任何过程，除了彗星有机物的初始挥发性成分。可以供应这些气体。精确确定C_1-C_5烃类的相对浓度可能会给来源带来其他限制，但对这些有机物中的C和H进行详细的同位素分析以及寻找氨基酸是解决土卫二中有机物来源的下一个重要步骤羽。

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  • 来源
    《Planetary and space science》 |2012年第1期|p.73-79|共7页
  • 作者

    C.P. McKay; B.N. Khare; R. Amin; M. Klasson; T.A. Kral;

  • 作者单位

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, United States;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, United States;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, United States,Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, United States,Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden;

    Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    enceladus; plume; organics; methane; acetylene;

    机译：恩德拉多斯羽;有机物;甲烷乙炔;

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