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Roles of methane and carbon dioxide in geological processes on Mars

机译：甲烷和二氧化碳在火星地质过程中的作用

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摘要

We discuss in this paper possible roles of methane and carbon dioxide in geological processes on Mars. These volatiles in the martian crust may migrate upward from their sources either directly or via various traps (structural, sedimentary, ground ice, gas hydrates). They are then likely emitted to the atmosphere by seepage or through diverse vent structures. Though gas hydrates have never been directly detected on Mars, theoretical studies favor their presence in the crust and polar caps; they could have played an important role as significant gas reservoirs in the subsurface. The martian gas hydrates would possibly be a binary system of methane and carbon dioxide occupying clathrate cavities. Landforms such as mud volcanoes with well-known linkage to gas venting are extensively distributed on Earth, and methane is the primary gas involved. Thus, identification of these landforms on Mars could suggest that methane and possibly carbon dioxide have contributed to geological processes of the planet. For example, we present a newly identified field in Chryse Planitia where features closely resembling terrestrial mud volcanoes occur widely, though with no observable activity. We also present results of a preliminary search for possible recent or present-day, methane-emission zones in the regions over which enrichments of atmospheric methane have been reported.
机译：我们在本文中讨论了甲烷和二氧化碳在火星上地质过程中的可能作用。火星地壳中的这些挥发物可能直接或通过各种圈闭（结构，沉积，地冰，天然气水合物）从其来源向上迁移。然后，它们很可能通过渗流或通过不同的通风孔结构排放到大气中。尽管从未直接在火星上检测到气体水合物，但理论研究倾向于将其存在于地壳和极地盖中。它们可能是地下重要的气藏发挥了重要作用。火星气体水合物可能是甲烷和二氧化碳的二元体系，占据了笼形腔。与火山喷发有众所周知联系的泥火山等地貌广泛分布在地球上，甲烷是其中的主要气体。因此，对火星上这些地貌的识别可能表明甲烷和可能的二氧化碳已对地球的地质过程做出了贡献。例如，我们在Chryse Planitia中提出了一个新发现的田地，虽然没有可观察到的活动，但其特征却与陆地泥火山极为相似，因此广泛存在。我们还提供了初步报告的结果，该报告针对已报告大气甲烷富集的区域中可能的最近或当前的甲烷排放区。

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  • 来源
    《Planetary and space science》 |2011年第3期|p.169-181|共13页
  • 作者

    Goro Komatsu; Gian Gabriele Ori; Marco Cardinale; James M. Dohm; Victor R. Baker; David A. Vaz; Ryo Ishimaru; Noriyuki Namiki; Takafumi Matsui;

  • 作者单位

    International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Universita d'Annunzio, Viale Pindaro 42, 65727 Pescara, Italy,Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino-shi, Chiba 275-0016, Japan;

    International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Universita d'Annunzio, Viale Pindaro 42, 65727 Pescara, Italy;

    International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Universita d'Annunzio, Viale Pindaro 42, 65727 Pescara, Italy;

    Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA,The Museum, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;

    Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;

    Centre for Geophysics, University of Coimbra, Av. Dr. Dias da Silva, 3000-134 Coimbra, Portugal;

    ,International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Universita d'Annunzio, Viale Pindaro 42, 65727 Pescara, Italy;

    Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino-shi, Chiba 275-0016, Japan;

    Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino-shi, Chiba 275-0016, Japan;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    mars; methane; carbon dioxide; seepage; mud volcano; gas hydrate;

    机译：火星;甲烷;二氧化碳;渗流;泥火山;天然气水合物;

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