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Topography and geomorphology of the Huygens landing site on Titan

机译：泰坦上的惠更斯登陆点的地形和地貌

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The Descent Imager/Spectral Radiometer (DISR) aboard the Huygens Probe took several hundred visible-light images with its three cameras on approach to the surface of Titan. Several sets of stereo image pairs were collected during the descent. The digital terrain models constructed from those images show rugged topography, in places approaching the angle of repose, adjacent to flatter darker plains. Brighter regions north of the landing site display two styles of drainage patterns: (1) bright highlands with rough topography and deeply incised branching dendritic drainage networks (up to fourth order) with dark-floored valleys that are suggestive of erosion by methane rainfall and (2) short, stubby low-order drainages that follow linear fault patterns forming canyon-like features suggestive of methane spring-sapping. The topographic data show that the bright highland terrains are extremely rugged; slopes of order of 30° appear common. These systems drain into adjacent relatively fiat, dark lowland terrains. A stereo model for part of the dark plains region to the east of the landing site suggests surface scour across this plain flowing from west to east leaving ～100-m-high bright ridges. Tectonic patterns are evident in (1) controlling the rectilinear, low-order, stubby drainages and (2) the "coastline" at the highland-lowland boundary with numerous straight and angular margins. In addition to flow from the highlands drainages, the lowland area shows evidence for more prolific flow parallel to the highland-lowland boundary leaving bright outliers resembling terrestrial sandbars. This implies major west to east floods across the plains where the probe landed with flow parallel to the highland-lowland boundary; the primary source of these flows is evidently not the dendritic channels in the bright highlands to the north.
机译：惠更斯探测器上的下降成像仪/光谱辐射仪（DISR）用其三台摄像机接近泰坦表面时拍摄了几百幅可见光图像。在下降期间收集了几组立体图像对。由这些图像构建的数字地形模型显示出崎的地形，靠近平坦的较暗平原，靠近休止角。着陆点以北的较亮区域显示两种类型的排水模式：（1）地形崎bright的高地和深切的树枝状排水网络（至第四阶），河谷深暗，暗示着甲烷降雨造成的侵蚀；以及（ 2）短而短促的低阶排水，遵循线性断层模式，形成峡谷状特征，暗示甲烷呈弹簧状流失。地形数据表明，明亮的高地地形极为崎;。 30°量级的斜率很常见。这些系统流入邻近的相对平坦，黑暗的低地地形。对着陆点东部暗平原区域的一部分进行的立体模型表明，该平原上的地表冲刷从西向东流动，留下了约100米高的亮脊。在（1）控制直线，低阶，短截形流域和（2）在高地-低地边界具有大量笔直和角距的“海岸线”中，构造模式显而易见。除了来自高地排水系统的流量外，低地地区还显示出与高地-低地边界平行的多产流的证据，从而留下了类似于陆地沙洲的明亮离群值。这意味着整个平原将由西向东发生大洪水，探针在该平原降落，水流平行于高地-低地边界；这些流量的主要来源显然不是北部明亮高原上的树突状通道。

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