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首页> 外文期刊>Planning Perspectives >Planning of public housing in modern Tianjin (1928-1945)
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Planning of public housing in modern Tianjin (1928-1945)

机译：近代天津的公共房屋规划（1928-1945）

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摘要

European, American, and Japanese debates on public housing served as models for those in modern China, and Chinese scholars and professionals, with the support of the KMT (Kuomintang), developed public housing as a sign of innovation in both societal reform and building typology. Using the under-researched case of Tianjin's public housing during the so-called Nanjing Decade (1928-1937) and then again during the Japanese Occupation (1937-1945) as case studies, the paper first explores how journals, books, and foreign-trained Chinese scholars introduced the concept of public housing to China. It then examines five public housing projects that municipal authorities developed for Tianjin, two in the Nanjing Decade and three during the Japanese Occupation. Analysing the sites, architectural designs, and management rules of these projects, the paper argues that the projects in the Nanjing Decade (both planned and realized) mostly targeted poor families, serving to simultaneously solve housing problems, reform society, and police the poor; while the projects during the Japanese Occupation benefited high-income people or the Japanese, and did not play a role in the relief of the local poor, who suffered most from the housing shortage.
机译：欧洲，美国和日本关于公共住房的辩论是现代中国的典范，在国民党的支持下，中国学者和专业人士发展了公共住房，这是社会改革和建筑类型学创新的标志。 。本文以所谓的“南京十年”（1928-1937年）以及后来的“日本占领”时期（1937-1945年）对天津公共住房的研究不足为案例，首先探讨了期刊，书籍和外国如何受过训练的中国学者向中国介绍了公共住房的概念。然后，它研究了市政当局为天津开发的五个公共住房项目，两个在南京十年开发的项目以及在日本占领时期开发的三个项目。通过分析这些项目的用地，建筑设计和管理规则，文章认为南京十年（既已计划也已实现）中的项目主要针对贫困家庭，旨在同时解决住房问题，改革社会并为贫困者提供警察。而日本占领时期的项目却使高收入者或日本人受益，而对当地因住房短缺而受苦最深的穷人的救济没有发挥作用。

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