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Switchgrass for forage and bioenergy: harvest and nitrogen rate effects on biomass yields and nutrient composition

机译：柳枝for用作牧草和生物能源：收获和氮比率对生物量产量和营养成分的影响

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摘要

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) may have value as forage and a bioenergy feedstock. Our objective was to evaluate how harvest system and N fertilizer rates affected biomass yield and nutrient composition of young stands of switchgrass (cv. Alamo) in the southern Great Plains, USA. Nitrogen fertilization increased biomass yields from 10.4, 10.8, and 12.2 Mg ha−1 at 0 kg N ha−1 to 13.7, 14.6, and 21.0 Mg ha−1 at 225 kg N ha−1 when harvested after seed set (October), after frost (December), and twice per year after boot stage (July) and frost, respectively. Nutrient concentrations and removal were generally twice as great when biomass was harvested twice versus once per year. Precipitation strongly affected biomass yields across the two years of these experiments. When late-summer precipitation is available to support regrowth in this environment, harvesting switchgrass twice per year will result in greater biomass yields. Harvesting twice per year, however, will increase fertilization requirements and reduce feedstock biomass quality. Switchgrass harvested during mid-summer after boot stage was of poor forage quality. To have value as a dual-purpose forage and bioenergy feedstock, switchgrass would need to be utilized during spring to early summer while in a vegetative stage.
机译：柳枝（（Panicum virgatum L.）可能具有作为饲料和生物能源原料的价值。我们的目标是评估美国南部大平原南部柳枝young幼树（cv。Alamo）的收获系统和氮肥施用量如何影响其生物量产量和营养成分。氮肥将0 kg N ha -1 下的生物量产量从10.4、10.8和12.2 Mg ha -1 增加到13.7、14.6和21.0 Mg ha -结实后（10月），霜冻（12月）和启动阶段（7月）和霜冻后每年两次收获时，在225 kg N ha -1 时为1 。当生物质被收获两次时，营养物的浓度和去除通常是每年的两倍。在这些实验的两年中，降水强烈影响了生物量的产量。如果在这种环境下可以使用夏末降水来支持再生，那么每年两次收获柳枝switch将带来更高的生物量产量。但是，每年收获两次，将增加施肥需求并降低原料生物质的质量。引导期后的仲夏收获的柳枝was的草料质量差。为了具有作为牧草和生物能源的双重用途的价值，在春季至初夏处于植物生长阶段时，必须使用柳枝switch。

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