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Influence of urea on biological N2 fixation and N transfer from Azolla intercropped with rice

机译：尿素对间作水稻满江红固氮和转运氮的影响。

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The N2 fixed by Azolla before and after urea application during the rice cycle, the mineralisation of Azolla-N as well as its availability to rice was studied in two greenhouse experiments conducted in 1996 and 1997 and in June 1998 in Goettingen (Germany). Dry matter production of the various rice parts of experiment 1 showed a clear positive synergism between treatment with Azolla and urea with a resulting apparent N recovery by rice increasing from 40% (without Azolla) to 57% in the presence of Azolla. Part of this increase may be due to N fixed biologically by Azolla and transferred to the rice. The second experiment shed some light on the role of BNF. Using an iterative method of estimation, the daily rate of N fixation was estimated at 0.6 – 0.7 kg N ha−1. The rate was not so much affected by the age of the Azolla crop. At this rate, the BNF would amount to up to 100 kg N ha−1 over a 130-day season. Assuming that BNF may be inhibited for a period of 5 – 10 days following urea application due to high levels of N in the floodwater, this might reduce the BNF by between 6 and 14 kg N ha over the season. Using the mean-pool-abundance concept, it was estimated that around 75 – 80% of the Azolla-N mineralized during the growth period was actually absorbed by the rice plants. Of the N taken up by rice around 28% was derived from the biologically fixed Azolla N, the remainder was urea N cycled through the Azolla. Azolla also seems to help sustain the soil N supply by returning N to the soil in quantities roughly equal to those extracted from the soil by the rice plant.
机译：在1996年和1997年以及在1998年6月在哥廷根进行的两次温室试验中，研究了水稻周期中施用尿素前后氮唑固定的N2 ，氮唑氮的矿化及其对水稻的有效性。德国）。实验1的各个稻米部分的干物质生产显示，在用Azolla和尿素处理之间有明显的正协同作用，在Azolla存在下，水稻的表观氮回收率从40％（无Azolla）增加到57％。这种增加的一部分可能是由于氮被Azolla生物固定并转移到水稻中。第二个实验阐明了BNF的作用。使用估算的迭代方法，每日固氮速率估计为0.6 – 0.7 kg N ha-1 。该速率受Azolla作物的年龄影响不大。以这样的速度，在130天的季节中，BNF可达100 kg N ha-1 。假设由于洪水中氮含量高，尿素施用后BNF可能会抑制5-10天，这可能会使整个季节BNF减少6-14 kg N ha。根据平均池丰度的概念，估计在生长期内约有75 – 80％的Azolla-N矿化实际上被水稻吸收。水稻吸收的氮中约有28％来自生物固定的Azolla N，其余的是循环通过Azolla的尿素N。 Azolla似乎还通过将N返回土壤的量大致等于水稻植物从土壤中提取的N量来帮助维持土壤N的供应。

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