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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Genotypic and environmental variations in root morphology in rice genotypes under upland field conditions
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Genotypic and environmental variations in root morphology in rice genotypes under upland field conditions

机译：旱地水稻基因型根系形态的基因型和环境变异。

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摘要

Improving the water capturing capacity of its large and deep root system is required to stabilize the yield of upland rice in drought-prone areas in the tropics. For the improvement of the root system through breeding and soil management, it is critical to understand the relative importance of genotypic and environmental effect and their interaction on the root development under various soil conditions and agronomic management. This study aimed to quantify and characterize the effect of genotype and environment, soils and N application levels (0 and 90 kg N ha−1) in the variations of the traits related to the size and distribution of the root system at the flowering stage using 11 rice genotypes in upland fields in southern Luzon in the Philippines. The results indicated that, among the root traits, the genotypic factor accounted for the largest portion of variation for the number of nodal roots, specific root weight (SRW), and R/S ratio, whereas the environmental effect was relatively large for deep root length ratio (DRR) and total root dry weight (RDW). Especially, the DRR, the ratio of root length at deeper than 30 cm per unit area to the RDW, was strongly affected by the site. Nitrogen application increased RDW without a substantial change in the R/S ratio and DRR. On the other hand, significant genotypic variations of RDW and DRR were obtained, which may imply the opportunity for the genetic improvement. Japonica upland varieties showed a large RDW (90–111 g m−2) associated with high R/S ratio (0.18–0.23) and a high SRW (0.26–0.27 mg cm−1), whereas aus (Dular) and indica (Vandana) upland varieties had a large DRR (12.5–13.8 m g−1) with a medium R/S ratio (0.14–0.17), suggesting an efficient formation of a deep root system with a limited biomass allocation to the roots. In addition, the analysis of G × E interaction term for RDW by an Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model indicated that the response to soil conditions also differed between these groups. This indicated that proper deployment of genotype to the given soil conditions is also important to maximize the expression of genotypic potentials.
机译：需要提高其大而深的根系的集水能力，以稳定热带地区干旱地区的旱稻产量。为了通过育种和土壤管理改善根系，了解基因型和环境效应及其在各种土壤条件和农艺管理下对根系发育的相互作用至关重要。这项研究旨在量化和表征基因型和环境，土壤和氮的施用水平（0和90 kg N ha-1 ）对与根系大小和分布相关的性状变化的影响。菲律宾吕宋岛南部旱地的11种水稻基因型在开花期。结果表明，在根系性状中，基因型因子占节根根数，比根重（SRW）和R / S比变化的最大部分，而深根对环境的影响相对较大。长度比（DRR）和总根干重（RDW）。特别是DRR，即每单位面积深于30 cm的根部长度与RDW的比率受该部位的强烈影响。施氮增加了RDW，而R / S比和DRR却没有显着变化。另一方面，获得了RDW和DRR的显着基因型变异，这可能暗示了遗传改良的机会。粳稻高地品种显示较大的RDW（90–111 gm-2 ），具有较高的R / S比（0.18–0.23）和较高的SRW（0.26–0.27 mg cm-1 ），而aus（Dular）和in（Vandana）旱地品种的DRR较大（12.5–13.8 mg−1 ），R / S比率中等（0.14–0.17），表明深层根系有效形成根部生物量分配有限。此外，通过加性主效应和乘性相互作用（AMMI）模型对RDW的G×E相互作用项的分析表明，这两组之间对土壤条件的响应也有所不同。这表明基因型在给定土壤条件下的正确部署对于最大化基因型潜力的表达也很重要。

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