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An ecological perspective of allelochemical interference in land–water interface communities

机译：陆水界面群落中化感物质干扰的生态学观点

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Allelochemical interactions among aquatic macrophytes and between macrophytes and attached microbial assemblages (epiphyton) influence a number of ecological processes. The ecological importance of these interactions, however, is poorly understood; we hypothesize that paucity has resulted, in part, from (1) a narrow focus on exploration for herbicidal plant products from aquatic macrophytes, (2) the difficulties in distinguishing resource competition from allelopathic interference, and (3) a predominance of approaching aquatic allelopathy from a terrestrial perspective. Based upon recent thorough investigations of allelopathy among aquatic vascular plants, chemical compounds that influence competitive interactions among littoral organisms are amphiphilic compounds that tend to remain near the producing organism (e.g., polyphenolic compounds and volatile fatty acids). Production of these compounds may be influenced by relative availability of nutrients (particularly phosphorus and nitrogen), inorganic carbon, and light. Macrophyte strategies of clonal reproduction, in an effort to persist in these highly productive and competitive habitats, have contributed to reduced reliance upon sexual reproduction that is correlated with allelopathic autotoxicity among several dominant wetland plant species. Although few studies document the importance of allelochemical interactions in the wetland and littoral zones of aquatic ecosystems, abundant evidence supports the potential for significant effects on competition and community structure; effects of altered nutrient ratios and availability on plant chemical composition; and resultant effects on trophic interactions, particularly suppression of herbivory, competitive attached algae and cyanobacteria, and heterotrophic utilization of organic matter by bacteria and fungi.
机译：水生大型植物之间以及大型植物与附着的微生物组合（表藻）之间的化感化学相互作用影响许多生态过程。然而，人们对这些相互作用的生态重要性了解得很少。我们假设稀缺性的部分原因是：（1）对水生大型植物的除草植物产品的研究狭窄，（2）区分化肥竞争与化感干扰的困难，以及（3）接近水生化感病的优势从地面角度来看。根据最近对水生维管植物之间的化感作用的彻底调查，影响沿海生物之间竞争性相互作用的化学化合物是两亲化合物，它们往往保留在生产生物附近（例如，多酚化合物和挥发性脂肪酸）。这些化合物的生产可能会受到养分（尤其是磷和氮），无机碳和光的相对利用率的影响。为了在这些高产和竞争性生境中持续存在，克隆繁殖的大型植物策略已有助于减少对有性繁殖的依赖，而这种繁殖与几种优势湿地植物物种之间的化感性自身毒性有关。尽管很少有研究证明在水生生态系统的湿地和沿海地区化感化学相互作用的重要性，但有充分的证据支持对竞争和社区结构产生重大影响的潜力。营养素比例和利用率变化对植物化学成分的影响；以及对营养相互作用的影响，特别是抑制草食性，竞争性附着藻类和蓝细菌以及细菌和真菌对有机物的异养利用。

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