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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Genus richness of microalgae and Cyanobacteria in biological soil crusts from Svalbard and Livingston Island: morphological versus molecular approaches
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Genus richness of microalgae and Cyanobacteria in biological soil crusts from Svalbard and Livingston Island: morphological versus molecular approaches

机译：斯瓦尔巴群岛和利文斯顿岛生物土壤结皮中微藻和蓝细菌的丰富度：形态学与分子生物学方法

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摘要

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are key components of polar ecosystems. These complex communities are important for terrestrial polar habitats as they include major primary producers that fix nitrogen, prevent soil erosion and can be regarded as indicators for climate change. To study the genus richness of microalgae and Cyanobacteria in BSCs, two different methodologies were employed and the outcomes were compared: morphological identification using light microscopy and the annotation of ribosomal sequences taken from metatranscriptomes. The analyzed samples were collected from Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Norway, and the Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base, Livingston Island, Antarctica. This study focused on the following taxonomic groups: Klebsormidiophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, Xanthophyceae and Cyanobacteria. In total, combining both approaches, 143 and 103 genera were identified in the Arctic and Antarctic samples, respectively. Furthermore, both techniques concordantly determined 15 taxa in the Arctic and 7 taxa in the Antarctic BSC. In general, the molecular analysis indicated a higher microalgal and cyanobacterial genus richness (about 11 times higher) than the morphological approach. In terms of eukaryotic algae, the two sampling sites displayed comparable genus counts while the cyanobacterial genus richness was much higher in the BSC from Ny-Alesund. For the first time, the presence of the genera Chloroidium, Ankistrodesmus and Dunaliella in polar regions was determined by the metatranscriptomic analysis. Overall, these findings illustrate that only the combination of morphological and molecular techniques, in contrast to one single approach, reveals higher genus richness for complex communities such as polar BSCs.
机译：生物土壤结皮（BSC）是极地生态系统的关键组成部分。这些复杂的群落对陆地极地生境很重要，因为它们包括固定氮，防止水土流失的主要初级生产者，可以被视为气候变化的指标。为了研究BSC中微藻和蓝细菌的属丰富性，采用了两种不同的方法并比较了结果：使用光学显微镜进行形态学鉴定和从超转录组中提取核糖体序列。分析的样品分别来自挪威斯瓦尔巴特群岛的Ny-Alesund和南极洲利文斯顿岛的胡安·卡洛斯一世南极基地。这项研究集中在以下分类学类别上：克雷伯菌科，绿藻科，Trebouxiophyceae，Xanthophyceae和蓝细菌。总体上，结合这两种方法，在北极和南极样本中分别确定了143和103属。此外，这两种技术一致确定了北极的15个分类单元和南极BSC的7个分类单元。通常，分子分析表明，与形态学方法相比，微藻和蓝细菌属的丰富度更高（约高11倍）。就真核藻类而言，两个采样点显示出可比的属数，而来自Ny-Alesund的BSC中的蓝细菌属丰富度要高得多。第一次，通过亚转录组学分析确定了极地区域中的绿藻属，Ankistrodesmus和杜氏藻属。总体而言，这些发现表明，与一种单一方法相比，只有形态学和分子技术的结合才能揭示复杂社区（如极地BSC）的较高属丰富度。

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